Kerala: region in India
What exactly constitutes the spatial extent of the city? For these aggregations, we used the Global Human Settlement Layer Urban Center Database (GHS-UCDB) to define the boundaries of the city. These cities -- or urban centers -- cover areas that are densely populated and built-up, and so may extend beyond the spatial borders of these cities that we may be familiar with. The GHS area is shaded in blue.
View Kerala, India on the sprawlmap
Most recent snapshot: Taking into account the entire (i.e. aggregate) street network in Kerala as of 2014, the overall level of street-network sprawl is 4.33, which is highly disconnected.
Trends in street network construction: The SNDis of street construction for the respective time periods are 4.04, 3.82, 5.32 and 5.19. Disconnectivity in street construction in Kerala follows a zig-zag trend. In 1976-1990, street construction was most disconnected, while construction was most connected in 1991-2000.
Quantity of street network construction: The street network in Kerala spans a total of 40315 kilometers. The period with the greatest volume of street construction was 2001-2014. These roads have an SNDi of 5.19, which is highly disconnected.
Effect on the aggregate network: New construction in each period adds to the total stock of streets, but does not change streets that have already been built. Therefore, it has a limited effect on the street network as a whole. The SNDis of the aggregate street network in the respective time periods are 4.04, 3.88, 4.12 and 4.33. The SNDi of the aggregate street network in fell at first, but Kerala has worsened in disconnectivity since 1990.
The level of street-network sprawl in new development in Kerala followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase. To get a sense of how street development has changed in Kerala, we can consider three of its most populous cities: Kochi, Kozhikode and Thiruvananthapuram. Out of the three cities, Kochi and Thiruvananthapuram do not follow the same trend as the region. The level of street-network sprawl in new development in Kochi peaked in 1991-2000. The level of street-network sprawl in new development in Thiruvananthapuram peaked in 1991-2000.
How do development practices in Kerala fare in comparison to others in India? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Kerala was the 17th-most disconnected out of the 35 regions in India. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other regions in India, street construction in Kerala has become more connected. Kerala ranked 13th in 1975, 18th in 1976-1990, 12th in 1991-2000 and 17th in 2001-2014.
As of 2014, the city with the most disconnected street network in Kerala is Pattambi with an SNDi of 6.14, which is highly disconnected. Conversely, the most connected city is Vaikom with an SNDi of 0.79, which is relatively well-connected. See trends for these cities: Vaikom, Pattambi
The level of street-network sprawl in the aggregate network in Kerala was at its lowest in 1976-1990. To get a sense of how the aggregate street network has changed in Kerala, we can consider three of its most populous cities: Kochi, Kozhikode and Thiruvananthapuram. Out of the three cities, Kochi and Thiruvananthapuram do not follow the same trend as the region. The level of street-network sprawl in the aggregate network in Kochi rose steadily. The level of street-network sprawl in the aggregate network in Thiruvananthapuram rose steadily.
To date, Kerala is the 18th-most disconnected out of the 35 regions in India. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other regions in India, the street network in Kerala has become more connected. Kerala ranked 13th in 1975, 15th in 1976-1990, 13th in 1991-2000 and 18th in 2001-2014.
- Manjeshwar
- Neeleshwaram
- Payyanur
- Kannur
- Taliparamba
- Thalassery
- Kozhikode
- Guruvayur
- Mananthavady
- Malappuram
- Kalpetta
- Areecode
- Manjeri
- Valanchery
- Perumpilavu
- Ambalavayal
- Sulthan Bathery
- Vadanappally
- Nilambur
- Perinthalmanna
- Pattambi
- Triprayar
- Thrissur
- Kodungallur
- Shoranur
- Irinjalakuda
- Kochi
- Mannarkkad
- Alappuzha
- Vadakkenchery
- Alathur
- Vaikom
- Palakkad
- Nenmara
- Kollam
- Muvattupuzha
- Ettumanoor
- Kothamangalam
- Kollengode
- Kanjikode
- Pala
- Chengannur
- Kozhinjapara
- Thodupuzha
- Kozhencherry
- Kanjirapalli
- Varkala
- Ranni
- Pathanamthitta
- Kottarakara
- Kallambalam
- Attingal
- Pathanapuram
- Thiruvananthapuram
- Punalur
- Anchal
- Venjaramoodu
- Kattappana
- Kovalam