Street-network Sprawl in Kırıkhan, Turkey

What is Street-network sprawl?

Street-network Sprawl is a way to measure urban sprawl, worldwide, through the connectedness of the streets. Less sprawl means more connected, more walkable streets. Well-connected streets – like New York City’s grid – are more walkable and can be served by public transit.

The street network is permanent, and its connectivity affects the livability and environmental footprint of cities for decades and centuries to come. In places with more connected streets, residents drive less and walk more. A well-connected street network is associated with better outcomes for health, the environment, sustainable consumption, social integration, and equity.

We can quantify how connected street networks are with the Street Network Disconnectedness Index (SNDi).

SNDi -- our measure of street-network sprawl (disconnectedness)

The SNDi is a comprehensive measurement of “sprawl”. It captures:

A higher SNDi means less-connected streets – i.e., more sprawl. For the 10137 cities in our dataset, the average SNDi is 2.25, with half of the cities' SNDis falling between 1.08 and 3.25.

More information on the sprawl index can be found in these research papers:

To see the state of street-network sprawl across the globe, visit the sprawlmap.

Kırıkhan: city in Hatay, Turkey

What exactly constitutes the spatial extent of the city? For these aggregations, we used the Global Human Settlement Layer Urban Center Database (GHS-UCDB) to define the boundaries of the city. These cities -- or urban centers -- cover areas that are densely populated and built-up, and so may extend beyond the spatial borders of these cities that we may be familiar with. The GHS area is shaded in blue.

View Kırıkhan, Turkey on the sprawlmap

Most recent snapshot: Taking into account the entire (i.e. aggregate) street network in Kırıkhan as of 2014, the overall level of street-network sprawl is 0.77, which is relatively well-connected.

Trends in street network construction: The SNDis of street construction for the respective time periods are -0.1, 0.41, 1.16 and 2.25. In each period, new street development in Kırıkhan steadily grows more disconnected than in the last.

Quantity of street network construction: The street network in Kırıkhan spans a total of 146 kilometers. It is dominated by roads constructed in 1976-1990. These roads have an SNDi of 0.41, which is very well-connected.

Effect on the aggregate network: New construction in each period adds to the total stock of streets, but does not change streets that have already been built. Therefore, it has a limited effect on the street network as a whole. The SNDis of the aggregate street network in the respective time periods are -0.1, 0.35, 0.42 and 0.77. Overall, the SNDi of the aggregate street network has risen: the street network in Kırıkhan has become more disconnected. This increase has slowed: between 1975 and 1976-1990, SNDi rose by 0.44 points, but between 1991-2000 and 2001-2014, it rose by just 0.35.

Kırıkhan and Hatay follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. The SNDi for both of these rose steadily.

How do development practices in Kırıkhan fare in comparison to others in Hatay? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Kırıkhan was the 4th-most disconnected out of the 5 cities in Hatay. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has not changed. Kırıkhan ranked 4th in 1975, 4th in 1976-1990, 4th in 1991-2000 and 4th in 2001-2014.

Kırıkhan and Turkey follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. The SNDi for both of these rose steadily.

How do development practices in Kırıkhan fare in comparison to others in Turkey? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Kırıkhan was the 50th-most disconnected out of the 134 cities in Turkey. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has risen; relative to other cities in Turkey, street construction in Kırıkhan has become more disconnected. Kırıkhan ranked 106th in 1975, 106th in 1976-1990, 72nd in 1991-2000 and 50th in 2001-2014.

Kırıkhan and Hatay follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi for both of these rose steadily.

To date, Kırıkhan is the 4th-most disconnected out of the 5 cities in Hatay. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has not changed. Kırıkhan ranked 4th in 1975, 4th in 1976-1990, 4th in 1991-2000 and 4th in 2001-2014.

Kırıkhan and Turkey follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi for both of these rose steadily.

To date, Kırıkhan is the 85th-most disconnected out of the 134 cities in Turkey. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has risen; relative to other cities in Turkey, the street network in Kırıkhan has become more disconnected. Kırıkhan ranked 106th in 1975, 113th in 1976-1990, 109th in 1991-2000 and 85th in 2001-2014.

As of 2015, Kırıkhan had a built-up area of 6.05 square kilometers, and a population of 69206 people.

These are some other cities with approximately the same population: