Street-network Sprawl in Juancheng, China

What is Street-network sprawl?

Street-network Sprawl is a way to measure urban sprawl, worldwide, through the connectedness of the streets. Less sprawl means more connected, more walkable streets. Well-connected streets – like New York City’s grid – are more walkable and can be served by public transit.

The street network is permanent, and its connectivity affects the livability and environmental footprint of cities for decades and centuries to come. In places with more connected streets, residents drive less and walk more. A well-connected street network is associated with better outcomes for health, the environment, sustainable consumption, social integration, and equity.

We can quantify how connected street networks are with the Street Network Disconnectedness Index (SNDi).

SNDi -- our measure of street-network sprawl (disconnectedness)

The SNDi is a comprehensive measurement of “sprawl”. It captures:

A higher SNDi means less-connected streets – i.e., more sprawl. For the 10137 cities in our dataset, the average SNDi is 2.25, with half of the cities' SNDis falling between 1.08 and 3.25.

More information on the sprawl index can be found in these research papers:

To see the state of street-network sprawl across the globe, visit the sprawlmap.

Juancheng: city in Shandong, China

What exactly constitutes the spatial extent of the city? For these aggregations, we used the Global Human Settlement Layer Urban Center Database (GHS-UCDB) to define the boundaries of the city. These cities -- or urban centers -- cover areas that are densely populated and built-up, and so may extend beyond the spatial borders of these cities that we may be familiar with. The GHS area is shaded in blue.

View Juancheng, China on the sprawlmap

Most recent snapshot: Taking into account the entire (i.e. aggregate) street network in Juancheng as of 2014, the overall level of street-network sprawl is -0.2, which is very well-connected.

Trends in street network construction: The SNDis of street construction for the respective time periods are 0.75, -1.13, -1.2 and 0.04. The disconnectivity of new streets constructed in Juancheng fell, then rose. In 1991-2000, new street layouts were the most connected.

Quantity of street network construction: The street network in Juancheng spans a total of 166 kilometers. It is dominated by roads constructed in 2001-2014. These roads have an SNDi of 0.04, which is very well-connected.

Effect on the aggregate network: New construction in each period adds to the total stock of streets, but does not change streets that have already been built. Therefore, it has a limited effect on the street network as a whole. The SNDis of the aggregate street network in the respective time periods are 0.75, -0.66, -0.73 and -0.2. The SNDi of the aggregate street network in fell at first, but Juancheng has worsened in disconnectivity since 2000.

Juancheng and Shandong do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. The SNDi in Juancheng was at its lowest in 1991-2000, while the SNDi of street constructions in Shandong followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase.

How do development practices in Juancheng fare in comparison to others in Shandong? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Juancheng was the 94th-most disconnected out of the 113 cities in Shandong. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Shandong, street construction in Juancheng has become more connected. Juancheng ranked 44th in 1975, 106th in 1976-1990, 108th in 1991-2000 and 94th in 2001-2014.

Juancheng and China do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. The SNDi in Juancheng was at its lowest in 1991-2000, while the SNDi of street constructions in China followed a zig-zag trend with an overall decrease.

How do development practices in Juancheng fare in comparison to others in China? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Juancheng was the 1284th-most disconnected out of the 1651 cities in China. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in China, street construction in Juancheng has become more connected. Juancheng ranked 921st in 1975, 1484th in 1976-1990, 1269th in 1991-2000 and 1284th in 2001-2014.

Juancheng and Shandong do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi in Juancheng was at its lowest in 1991-2000, while the SNDi of street constructions in Shandong peaked in 1976-1990.

To date, Juancheng is the 102nd-most disconnected out of the 113 cities in Shandong. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Shandong, the street network in Juancheng has become more connected. Juancheng ranked 44th in 1975, 107th in 1976-1990, 109th in 1991-2000 and 102nd in 2001-2014.

Juancheng and China do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi in Juancheng was at its lowest in 1991-2000, while the SNDi of street constructions in China peaked in 1976-1990.

To date, Juancheng is the 1595th-most disconnected out of the 1651 cities in China. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in China, the street network in Juancheng has become more connected. Juancheng ranked 921st in 1975, 1561st in 1976-1990, 1601st in 1991-2000 and 1595th in 2001-2014.

As of 2015, Juancheng had a built-up area of 15.05 square kilometers, and a population of 87762 people.

These are some other cities with approximately the same population: