Caoxian: city in Shandong, China
What exactly constitutes the spatial extent of the city? For these aggregations, we used the Global Human Settlement Layer Urban Center Database (GHS-UCDB) to define the boundaries of the city. These cities -- or urban centers -- cover areas that are densely populated and built-up, and so may extend beyond the spatial borders of these cities that we may be familiar with. The GHS area is shaded in blue.
View Caoxian, China on the sprawlmap
Most recent snapshot: Taking into account the entire (i.e. aggregate) street network in Caoxian as of 2014, the overall level of street-network sprawl is 2.5, which is in the 40th to 60th percentile of disconnectedness.
Trends in street network construction: The SNDis of street construction for the respective time periods are 2.25, 3.34, 1.94 and 2.22. Disconnectivity in street construction in Caoxian follows a zig-zag trend. In 1991-2000, street construction was most disconnected, while construction was most connected in 1976-1990.
Quantity of street network construction: The street network in Caoxian spans a total of 314 kilometers. It is dominated by roads constructed in 2001-2014. These roads have an SNDi of 2.22, which is relatively well-connected.
Effect on the aggregate network: New construction in each period adds to the total stock of streets, but does not change streets that have already been built. Therefore, it has a limited effect on the street network as a whole. The SNDis of the aggregate street network in the respective time periods are 2.25, 2.87, 2.66 and 2.5. The aggregate street network in Caoxian increased in disconnectivity initially,but the trend has turned around after 1990.
Caoxian and Shandong follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. The SNDi for both of these followed a zig-zag trend with an overall decrease.
How do development practices in Caoxian fare in comparison to others in Shandong? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Caoxian was the 18th-most disconnected out of the 113 cities in Shandong. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Shandong, street construction in Caoxian has become more connected. Caoxian ranked 12th in 1975, 5th in 1976-1990, 23rd in 1991-2000 and 18th in 2001-2014.
Caoxian and China follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. The SNDi for both of these followed a zig-zag trend with an overall decrease.
How do development practices in Caoxian fare in comparison to others in China? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Caoxian was the 590th-most disconnected out of the 1651 cities in China. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in China, street construction in Caoxian has become more connected. Caoxian ranked 427th in 1975, 240th in 1976-1990, 510th in 1991-2000 and 590th in 2001-2014.
Caoxian and Shandong follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi for both of these peaked in 1976-1990.
To date, Caoxian is the 9th-most disconnected out of the 113 cities in Shandong. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has risen; relative to other cities in Shandong, the street network in Caoxian has become more disconnected. Caoxian ranked 12th in 1975, 7th in 1976-1990, 8th in 1991-2000 and 9th in 2001-2014.
Caoxian and China follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi for both of these peaked in 1976-1990.
To date, Caoxian is the 476th-most disconnected out of the 1651 cities in China. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in China, the street network in Caoxian has become more connected. Caoxian ranked 427th in 1975, 331st in 1976-1990, 375th in 1991-2000 and 476th in 2001-2014.
As of 2015, Caoxian had a built-up area of 32.84 square kilometers, and a population of 196624 people.
These are some other cities with approximately the same population: