Street-network Sprawl in Youngstown, United States

What is Street-network sprawl?

Street-network Sprawl is a way to measure urban sprawl, worldwide, through the connectedness of the streets. Less sprawl means more connected, more walkable streets. Well-connected streets – like New York City’s grid – are more walkable and can be served by public transit.

The street network is permanent, and its connectivity affects the livability and environmental footprint of cities for decades and centuries to come. In places with more connected streets, residents drive less and walk more. A well-connected street network is associated with better outcomes for health, the environment, sustainable consumption, social integration, and equity.

We can quantify how connected street networks are with the Street Network Disconnectedness Index (SNDi).

SNDi -- our measure of street-network sprawl (disconnectedness)

The SNDi is a comprehensive measurement of “sprawl”. It captures:

A higher SNDi means less-connected streets – i.e., more sprawl. For the 10137 cities in our dataset, the average SNDi is 2.25, with half of the cities' SNDis falling between 1.08 and 3.25.

More information on the sprawl index can be found in these research papers:

To see the state of street-network sprawl across the globe, visit the sprawlmap.

Youngstown: city in Ohio, United States

What exactly constitutes the spatial extent of the city? For these aggregations, we used the Global Human Settlement Layer Urban Center Database (GHS-UCDB) to define the boundaries of the city. These cities -- or urban centers -- cover areas that are densely populated and built-up, and so may extend beyond the spatial borders of these cities that we may be familiar with. The GHS area is shaded in blue.

View Youngstown, United States on the sprawlmap

Most recent snapshot: Taking into account the entire (i.e. aggregate) street network in Youngstown as of 2014, the overall level of street-network sprawl is 2.42, which is in the 40th to 60th percentile of disconnectedness.

Trends in street network construction: The SNDis of street construction for the respective time periods are 2.28, 3.37, 7.61 and 7.4. Street construction in Youngstown increased in disconnectivity initially but has since improved. The streets constructed in 1991-2000 were the most disconnected.

Quantity of street network construction: The street network in Youngstown spans a total of 1341 kilometers. It is dominated by roads constructed prior to 1975. These roads have an SNDi of 2.28, which is in the 40th to 60th percentile of disconnectedness.

Effect on the aggregate network: New construction in each period adds to the total stock of streets, but does not change streets that have already been built. Therefore, it has a limited effect on the street network as a whole. The SNDis of the aggregate street network in the respective time periods are 2.28, 2.33, 2.4 and 2.42. Overall, the SNDi of the aggregate street network has risen: the street network in Youngstown has become more disconnected. This increase has slowed: between 1975 and 1976-1990, SNDi rose by 0.05 points, but between 1991-2000 and 2001-2014, it rose by just 0.02.

Youngstown and Ohio follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. The SNDi for both of these peaked in 1991-2000.

How do development practices in Youngstown fare in comparison to others in Ohio? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Youngstown was the 3rd-most disconnected out of the 10 cities in Ohio. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has risen; relative to other cities in Ohio, street construction in Youngstown has become more disconnected. Youngstown ranked 4th in 1975, 10th in 1976-1990, 3rd in 1991-2000 and 3rd in 2001-2014.

Youngstown and United States follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. The SNDi for both of these peaked in 1991-2000.

How do development practices in Youngstown fare in comparison to others in United States? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Youngstown was the 35th-most disconnected out of the 315 cities in United States. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has risen; relative to other cities in United States, street construction in Youngstown has become more disconnected. Youngstown ranked 166th in 1975, 245th in 1976-1990, 39th in 1991-2000 and 35th in 2001-2014.

Youngstown and Ohio follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi for both of these rose steadily.

To date, Youngstown is the 7th-most disconnected out of the 10 cities in Ohio. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Ohio, the street network in Youngstown has become more connected. Youngstown ranked 4th in 1975, 7th in 1976-1990, 7th in 1991-2000 and 7th in 2001-2014.

Youngstown and United States follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi for both of these rose steadily.

To date, Youngstown is the 226th-most disconnected out of the 315 cities in United States. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in United States, the street network in Youngstown has become more connected. Youngstown ranked 166th in 1975, 214th in 1976-1990, 219th in 1991-2000 and 226th in 2001-2014.

As of 2015, Youngstown had a built-up area of 85.43 square kilometers, and a population of 117697 people.

These are some other cities with approximately the same population: