Street-network Sprawl in Pamplona, Spain

What is Street-network sprawl?

Street-network Sprawl is a way to measure urban sprawl, worldwide, through the connectedness of the streets. Less sprawl means more connected, more walkable streets. Well-connected streets – like New York City’s grid – are more walkable and can be served by public transit.

The street network is permanent, and its connectivity affects the livability and environmental footprint of cities for decades and centuries to come. In places with more connected streets, residents drive less and walk more. A well-connected street network is associated with better outcomes for health, the environment, sustainable consumption, social integration, and equity.

We can quantify how connected street networks are with the Street Network Disconnectedness Index (SNDi).

SNDi -- our measure of street-network sprawl (disconnectedness)

The SNDi is a comprehensive measurement of “sprawl”. It captures:

A higher SNDi means less-connected streets – i.e., more sprawl. For the 10137 cities in our dataset, the average SNDi is 2.25, with half of the cities' SNDis falling between 1.08 and 3.25.

More information on the sprawl index can be found in these research papers:

To see the state of street-network sprawl across the globe, visit the sprawlmap.

Pamplona: city in Comunidad Foral de Navarra, Spain

What exactly constitutes the spatial extent of the city? For these aggregations, we used the Global Human Settlement Layer Urban Center Database (GHS-UCDB) to define the boundaries of the city. These cities -- or urban centers -- cover areas that are densely populated and built-up, and so may extend beyond the spatial borders of these cities that we may be familiar with. The GHS area is shaded in blue.

View Pamplona, Spain on the sprawlmap

Most recent snapshot: Taking into account the entire (i.e. aggregate) street network in Pamplona as of 2014, the overall level of street-network sprawl is 0.79, which is relatively well-connected.

Trends in street network construction: The SNDis of street construction for the respective time periods are 0.45, 1.14, 1.47 and 0.77. Street construction in Pamplona increased in disconnectivity initially but has since improved. The streets constructed in 1991-2000 were the most disconnected.

Quantity of street network construction: The street network in Pamplona spans a total of 693 kilometers. It is dominated by roads constructed prior to 1975. These roads have an SNDi of 0.45, which is relatively well-connected.

Effect on the aggregate network: New construction in each period adds to the total stock of streets, but does not change streets that have already been built. Therefore, it has a limited effect on the street network as a whole. The SNDis of the aggregate street network in the respective time periods are 0.45, 0.6, 0.8 and 0.79. The aggregate street network in Pamplona increased in disconnectivity initially,but the trend has turned around after 2000.

Pamplona and Comunidad Foral de Navarra follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. The SNDi for both of these peaked in 1991-2000.

How do development practices in Pamplona fare in comparison to others in Comunidad Foral de Navarra? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Pamplona was the 1st-most disconnected out of the 1 cities in Comunidad Foral de Navarra. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has not changed. Pamplona ranked 1st in 1975, 1st in 1976-1990, 1st in 1991-2000 and 1st in 2001-2014.

Pamplona and Spain follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. The SNDi for both of these peaked in 1991-2000.

How do development practices in Pamplona fare in comparison to others in Spain? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Pamplona was the 58th-most disconnected out of the 72 cities in Spain. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Spain, street construction in Pamplona has become more connected. Pamplona ranked 45th in 1975, 47th in 1976-1990, 40th in 1991-2000 and 58th in 2001-2014.

Pamplona and Comunidad Foral de Navarra follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi for both of these peaked in 1991-2000.

To date, Pamplona is the 1st-most disconnected out of the 1 cities in Comunidad Foral de Navarra. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has not changed. Pamplona ranked 1st in 1975, 1st in 1976-1990, 1st in 1991-2000 and 1st in 2001-2014.

Pamplona and Spain do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi in Pamplona peaked in 1991-2000, while the SNDi of street constructions in Spain rose steadily.

To date, Pamplona is the 41st-most disconnected out of the 72 cities in Spain. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has risen; relative to other cities in Spain, the street network in Pamplona has become more disconnected. Pamplona ranked 45th in 1975, 49th in 1976-1990, 41st in 1991-2000 and 41st in 2001-2014.

As of 2015, Pamplona had a built-up area of 27.24 square kilometers, and a population of 296608 people.

These are some other cities with approximately the same population: