Street-network Sprawl in Kaspiysk, Russia

What is Street-network sprawl?

Street-network Sprawl is a way to measure urban sprawl, worldwide, through the connectedness of the streets. Less sprawl means more connected, more walkable streets. Well-connected streets – like New York City’s grid – are more walkable and can be served by public transit.

The street network is permanent, and its connectivity affects the livability and environmental footprint of cities for decades and centuries to come. In places with more connected streets, residents drive less and walk more. A well-connected street network is associated with better outcomes for health, the environment, sustainable consumption, social integration, and equity.

We can quantify how connected street networks are with the Street Network Disconnectedness Index (SNDi).

SNDi -- our measure of street-network sprawl (disconnectedness)

The SNDi is a comprehensive measurement of “sprawl”. It captures:

A higher SNDi means less-connected streets – i.e., more sprawl. For the 10137 cities in our dataset, the average SNDi is 2.25, with half of the cities' SNDis falling between 1.08 and 3.25.

More information on the sprawl index can be found in these research papers:

To see the state of street-network sprawl across the globe, visit the sprawlmap.

Kaspiysk: city in Dagestan, Russia

What exactly constitutes the spatial extent of the city? For these aggregations, we used the Global Human Settlement Layer Urban Center Database (GHS-UCDB) to define the boundaries of the city. These cities -- or urban centers -- cover areas that are densely populated and built-up, and so may extend beyond the spatial borders of these cities that we may be familiar with. The GHS area is shaded in blue.

View Kaspiysk, Russia on the sprawlmap

Most recent snapshot: Taking into account the entire (i.e. aggregate) street network in Kaspiysk as of 2014, the overall level of street-network sprawl is 2.34, which is in the 40th to 60th percentile of disconnectedness.

Trends in street network construction: The SNDis of street construction for the respective time periods are 2.37, nan, 1.19 and 2.69. Data was not available in 1976-1990.

Quantity of street network construction: The street network in Kaspiysk spans a total of 149 kilometers. It is dominated by roads constructed prior to 1975. These roads have an SNDi of 2.37, which is in the 40th to 60th percentile of disconnectedness.

Effect on the aggregate network: New construction in each period adds to the total stock of streets, but does not change streets that have already been built. Therefore, it has a limited effect on the street network as a whole. The SNDis of the aggregate street network in the respective time periods are 2.37, 2.37, 2.27 and 2.34. Disconnectivity in Kaspiysk's street network follows a zig-zag trend. In 1991-2000, the city was most disconnected; while it was most connected in 1975.

Kaspiysk and Dagestan do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. There was not enough data from the city, while the SNDi of street constructions in Dagestan peaked in 1991-2000.

How do development practices in Kaspiysk fare in comparison to others in Dagestan? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Kaspiysk was the 4th-most disconnected out of the 6 cities in Dagestan. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has risen; relative to other cities in Dagestan, street construction in Kaspiysk has become more disconnected. Kaspiysk ranked 4th in 1975, 5th in 1991-2000 and 4th in 2001-2014. There was no ranking in 1976-1990 due to unavailable data.

Kaspiysk and Russia do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. There was not enough data from the city, while the SNDi of street constructions in Russia rose steadily.

How do development practices in Kaspiysk fare in comparison to others in Russia? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Kaspiysk was the 111th-most disconnected out of the 206 cities in Russia. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has risen; relative to other cities in Russia, street construction in Kaspiysk has become more disconnected. Kaspiysk ranked 49th in 1975, 162nd in 1991-2000 and 111th in 2001-2014. There was no ranking in 1976-1990 due to unavailable data.

Kaspiysk and Dagestan do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi in Kaspiysk followed a zig-zag trend with an overall decrease, while the SNDi of street constructions in Dagestan rose steadily.

To date, Kaspiysk is the 5th-most disconnected out of the 6 cities in Dagestan. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Dagestan, the street network in Kaspiysk has become more connected. Kaspiysk ranked 4th in 1975, 5th in 1976-1990, 5th in 1991-2000 and 5th in 2001-2014.

Kaspiysk and Russia do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi in Kaspiysk followed a zig-zag trend with an overall decrease, while the SNDi of street constructions in Russia rose steadily.

To date, Kaspiysk is the 62nd-most disconnected out of the 206 cities in Russia. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Russia, the street network in Kaspiysk has become more connected. Kaspiysk ranked 49th in 1975, 56th in 1976-1990, 61st in 1991-2000 and 62nd in 2001-2014.

As of 2015, Kaspiysk had a built-up area of 8.89 square kilometers, and a population of 154454 people.

These are some other cities with approximately the same population: