Street-network Sprawl in Khanke Mod, Pakistan

What is Street-network sprawl?

Street-network Sprawl is a way to measure urban sprawl, worldwide, through the connectedness of the streets. Less sprawl means more connected, more walkable streets. Well-connected streets – like New York City’s grid – are more walkable and can be served by public transit.

The street network is permanent, and its connectivity affects the livability and environmental footprint of cities for decades and centuries to come. In places with more connected streets, residents drive less and walk more. A well-connected street network is associated with better outcomes for health, the environment, sustainable consumption, social integration, and equity.

We can quantify how connected street networks are with the Street Network Disconnectedness Index (SNDi).

SNDi -- our measure of street-network sprawl (disconnectedness)

The SNDi is a comprehensive measurement of “sprawl”. It captures:

A higher SNDi means less-connected streets – i.e., more sprawl. For the 10137 cities in our dataset, the average SNDi is 2.25, with half of the cities' SNDis falling between 1.08 and 3.25.

More information on the sprawl index can be found in these research papers:

To see the state of street-network sprawl across the globe, visit the sprawlmap.

Khanke Mod: city in Punjab, Pakistan

What exactly constitutes the spatial extent of the city? For these aggregations, we used the Global Human Settlement Layer Urban Center Database (GHS-UCDB) to define the boundaries of the city. These cities -- or urban centers -- cover areas that are densely populated and built-up, and so may extend beyond the spatial borders of these cities that we may be familiar with. The GHS area is shaded in blue.

View Khanke Mod, Pakistan on the sprawlmap

Most recent snapshot: Taking into account the entire (i.e. aggregate) street network in Khanke Mod as of 2014, the overall level of street-network sprawl is -2.57, which is very well-connected.

Trends in street network construction: The SNDis of street construction for the respective time periods are nan, -2.54, -4.13 and -1.09. Data was not available in 1975.

Quantity of street network construction: The street network in Khanke Mod spans a total of 26 kilometers. It is dominated by roads constructed prior to 1975. These roads have an SNDi of nan, which is highly disconnected.

Effect on the aggregate network: New construction in each period adds to the total stock of streets, but does not change streets that have already been built. Therefore, it has a limited effect on the street network as a whole. The SNDis of the aggregate street network in the respective time periods are nan, -2.54, -3.38 and -2.57. Data was not available in 1975.

Khanke Mod and Punjab do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. There was not enough data from the city, while the SNDi of street constructions in Punjab peaked in 1991-2000.

How do development practices in Khanke Mod fare in comparison to others in Punjab? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Khanke Mod was the 75th-most disconnected out of the 99 cities in Punjab. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has risen; relative to other cities in Punjab, street construction in Khanke Mod has become more disconnected. Khanke Mod ranked 84th in 1976-1990, 62nd in 1991-2000 and 75th in 2001-2014. There was no ranking in 1975 due to unavailable data.

Khanke Mod and Pakistan do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. There was not enough data from the city, while the SNDi of street constructions in Pakistan peaked in 1991-2000.

How do development practices in Khanke Mod fare in comparison to others in Pakistan? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Khanke Mod was the 142nd-most disconnected out of the 198 cities in Pakistan. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has risen; relative to other cities in Pakistan, street construction in Khanke Mod has become more disconnected. Khanke Mod ranked 161st in 1976-1990, 103rd in 1991-2000 and 142nd in 2001-2014. There was no ranking in 1975 due to unavailable data.

Khanke Mod and Punjab do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. There was not enough data from the city, while the SNDi of street constructions in Punjab rose steadily.

To date, Khanke Mod is the 99th-most disconnected out of the 99 cities in Punjab. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Punjab, the street network in Khanke Mod has become more connected. Khanke Mod ranked 90th in 1976-1990, 96th in 1991-2000 and 99th in 2001-2014. There was no ranking in 1975 due to unavailable data.

Khanke Mod and Pakistan do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. There was not enough data from the city, while the SNDi of street constructions in Pakistan rose steadily.

To date, Khanke Mod is the 198th-most disconnected out of the 198 cities in Pakistan. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Pakistan, the street network in Khanke Mod has become more connected. Khanke Mod ranked 177th in 1976-1990, 187th in 1991-2000 and 198th in 2001-2014. There was no ranking in 1975 due to unavailable data.

As of 2015, Khanke Mod had a built-up area of 2.02 square kilometers, and a population of 109682 people.

These are some other cities with approximately the same population: