Street-network Sprawl in Salerno, Italy

What is Street-network sprawl?

Street-network Sprawl is a way to measure urban sprawl, worldwide, through the connectedness of the streets. Less sprawl means more connected, more walkable streets. Well-connected streets – like New York City’s grid – are more walkable and can be served by public transit.

The street network is permanent, and its connectivity affects the livability and environmental footprint of cities for decades and centuries to come. In places with more connected streets, residents drive less and walk more. A well-connected street network is associated with better outcomes for health, the environment, sustainable consumption, social integration, and equity.

We can quantify how connected street networks are with the Street Network Disconnectedness Index (SNDi).

SNDi -- our measure of street-network sprawl (disconnectedness)

The SNDi is a comprehensive measurement of “sprawl”. It captures:

A higher SNDi means less-connected streets – i.e., more sprawl. For the 10137 cities in our dataset, the average SNDi is 2.25, with half of the cities' SNDis falling between 1.08 and 3.25.

More information on the sprawl index can be found in these research papers:

To see the state of street-network sprawl across the globe, visit the sprawlmap.

Salerno: city in Campania, Italy

What exactly constitutes the spatial extent of the city? For these aggregations, we used the Global Human Settlement Layer Urban Center Database (GHS-UCDB) to define the boundaries of the city. These cities -- or urban centers -- cover areas that are densely populated and built-up, and so may extend beyond the spatial borders of these cities that we may be familiar with. The GHS area is shaded in blue.

View Salerno, Italy on the sprawlmap

Most recent snapshot: Taking into account the entire (i.e. aggregate) street network in Salerno as of 2014, the overall level of street-network sprawl is 2.73, which is in the 40th to 60th percentile of disconnectedness.

Trends in street network construction: The SNDis of street construction for the respective time periods are 2.34, 4.08, 4.53 and 4.08. Street construction in Salerno increased in disconnectivity initially but has since improved. The streets constructed in 1991-2000 were the most disconnected.

Quantity of street network construction: The street network in Salerno spans a total of 474 kilometers. It is dominated by roads constructed prior to 1975. These roads have an SNDi of 2.34, which is in the 40th to 60th percentile of disconnectedness.

Effect on the aggregate network: New construction in each period adds to the total stock of streets, but does not change streets that have already been built. Therefore, it has a limited effect on the street network as a whole. The SNDis of the aggregate street network in the respective time periods are 2.34, 2.7, 2.72 and 2.73. Overall, the SNDi of the aggregate street network has risen: the street network in Salerno has become more disconnected. This increase has slowed: between 1975 and 1976-1990, SNDi rose by 0.36 points, but between 1991-2000 and 2001-2014, it rose by just 0.02.

Salerno and Campania do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. The SNDi in Salerno peaked in 1991-2000, while the SNDi of street constructions in Campania rose steadily.

How do development practices in Salerno fare in comparison to others in Campania? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Salerno was the 4th-most disconnected out of the 6 cities in Campania. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Campania, street construction in Salerno has become more connected. Salerno ranked 3rd in 1975, 4th in 1976-1990, 3rd in 1991-2000 and 4th in 2001-2014.

Salerno and Italy follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. The SNDi for both of these peaked in 1991-2000.

How do development practices in Salerno fare in comparison to others in Italy? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Salerno was the 35th-most disconnected out of the 91 cities in Italy. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Italy, street construction in Salerno has become more connected. Salerno ranked 21st in 1975, 24th in 1976-1990, 24th in 1991-2000 and 35th in 2001-2014.

Salerno and Campania follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi for both of these rose steadily.

To date, Salerno is the 2nd-most disconnected out of the 6 cities in Campania. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has risen; relative to other cities in Campania, the street network in Salerno has become more disconnected. Salerno ranked 3rd in 1975, 2nd in 1976-1990, 2nd in 1991-2000 and 2nd in 2001-2014.

Salerno and Italy follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi for both of these rose steadily.

To date, Salerno is the 21st-most disconnected out of the 91 cities in Italy. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has not changed. Salerno ranked 21st in 1975, 23rd in 1976-1990, 23rd in 1991-2000 and 21st in 2001-2014.

As of 2015, Salerno had a built-up area of 21.88 square kilometers, and a population of 167663 people.

These are some other cities with approximately the same population: