Street-network Sprawl in Beer Sheva, Israel

What is Street-network sprawl?

Street-network Sprawl is a way to measure urban sprawl, worldwide, through the connectedness of the streets. Less sprawl means more connected, more walkable streets. Well-connected streets – like New York City’s grid – are more walkable and can be served by public transit.

The street network is permanent, and its connectivity affects the livability and environmental footprint of cities for decades and centuries to come. In places with more connected streets, residents drive less and walk more. A well-connected street network is associated with better outcomes for health, the environment, sustainable consumption, social integration, and equity.

We can quantify how connected street networks are with the Street Network Disconnectedness Index (SNDi).

SNDi -- our measure of street-network sprawl (disconnectedness)

The SNDi is a comprehensive measurement of “sprawl”. It captures:

A higher SNDi means less-connected streets – i.e., more sprawl. For the 10137 cities in our dataset, the average SNDi is 2.25, with half of the cities' SNDis falling between 1.08 and 3.25.

More information on the sprawl index can be found in these research papers:

To see the state of street-network sprawl across the globe, visit the sprawlmap.

Beer Sheva: city in HaDarom, Israel

What exactly constitutes the spatial extent of the city? For these aggregations, we used the Global Human Settlement Layer Urban Center Database (GHS-UCDB) to define the boundaries of the city. These cities -- or urban centers -- cover areas that are densely populated and built-up, and so may extend beyond the spatial borders of these cities that we may be familiar with. The GHS area is shaded in blue.

View Beer Sheva, Israel on the sprawlmap

Most recent snapshot: Taking into account the entire (i.e. aggregate) street network in Beer Sheva as of 2014, the overall level of street-network sprawl is 1.43, which is relatively well-connected.

Trends in street network construction: The SNDis of street construction for the respective time periods are 0.13, 1.13, 3.18 and 3.03. Street construction in Beer Sheva increased in disconnectivity initially but has since improved. The streets constructed in 1991-2000 were the most disconnected.

Quantity of street network construction: The street network in Beer Sheva spans a total of 536 kilometers. It is dominated by roads constructed in 1976-1990. These roads have an SNDi of 1.13, which is relatively well-connected.

Effect on the aggregate network: New construction in each period adds to the total stock of streets, but does not change streets that have already been built. Therefore, it has a limited effect on the street network as a whole. The SNDis of the aggregate street network in the respective time periods are 0.13, 1.07, 1.37 and 1.43. Overall, the SNDi of the aggregate street network has risen: the street network in Beer Sheva has become more disconnected. This increase has slowed: between 1975 and 1976-1990, SNDi rose by 0.94 points, but between 1991-2000 and 2001-2014, it rose by just 0.06.

Beer Sheva and HaDarom do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. The SNDi in Beer Sheva peaked in 1991-2000, while the SNDi of street constructions in HaDarom was at its lowest in 1976-1990.

How do development practices in Beer Sheva fare in comparison to others in HaDarom? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Beer Sheva was the 2nd-most disconnected out of the 3 cities in HaDarom. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has risen; relative to other cities in HaDarom, street construction in Beer Sheva has become more disconnected. Beer Sheva ranked 3rd in 1975, 3rd in 1976-1990, 1st in 1991-2000 and 2nd in 2001-2014.

Beer Sheva and Israel do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. The SNDi in Beer Sheva peaked in 1991-2000, while the SNDi of street constructions in Israel rose steadily.

How do development practices in Beer Sheva fare in comparison to others in Israel? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Beer Sheva was the 5th-most disconnected out of the 9 cities in Israel. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has risen; relative to other cities in Israel, street construction in Beer Sheva has become more disconnected. Beer Sheva ranked 8th in 1975, 9th in 1976-1990, 4th in 1991-2000 and 5th in 2001-2014.

Beer Sheva and HaDarom do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi in Beer Sheva rose steadily, while the SNDi of street constructions in HaDarom was at its lowest in 1976-1990.

To date, Beer Sheva is the 3rd-most disconnected out of the 3 cities in HaDarom. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has not changed. Beer Sheva ranked 3rd in 1975, 3rd in 1976-1990, 3rd in 1991-2000 and 3rd in 2001-2014.

Beer Sheva and Israel follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi for both of these rose steadily.

To date, Beer Sheva is the 9th-most disconnected out of the 9 cities in Israel. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Israel, the street network in Beer Sheva has become more connected. Beer Sheva ranked 8th in 1975, 9th in 1976-1990, 9th in 1991-2000 and 9th in 2001-2014.

As of 2015, Beer Sheva had a built-up area of 22.51 square kilometers, and a population of 198324 people.

These are some other cities with approximately the same population: