Sulawesi Utara: region in Indonesia
What exactly constitutes the spatial extent of the city? For these aggregations, we used the Global Human Settlement Layer Urban Center Database (GHS-UCDB) to define the boundaries of the city. These cities -- or urban centers -- cover areas that are densely populated and built-up, and so may extend beyond the spatial borders of these cities that we may be familiar with. The GHS area is shaded in blue.
View Sulawesi Utara, Indonesia on the sprawlmap
Most recent snapshot: Taking into account the entire (i.e. aggregate) street network in Sulawesi Utara as of 2014, the overall level of street-network sprawl is 5.47, which is highly disconnected.
Trends in street network construction: The SNDis of street construction for the respective time periods are 4.59, 5.75, 6.58 and 6.04. Street construction in Sulawesi Utara increased in disconnectivity initially but has since improved. The streets constructed in 1991-2000 were the most disconnected.
Quantity of street network construction: The street network in Sulawesi Utara spans a total of 12127 kilometers. The period with the greatest volume of street construction was 1975. These roads have an SNDi of 4.59, which is highly disconnected.
Effect on the aggregate network: New construction in each period adds to the total stock of streets, but does not change streets that have already been built. Therefore, it has a limited effect on the street network as a whole. The SNDis of the aggregate street network in the respective time periods are 4.59, 5.2, 5.38 and 5.47. Overall, the SNDi of the aggregate street network has risen: the street network in Sulawesi Utara has become more disconnected. This increase has slowed: between 1975 and 1976-1990, SNDi rose by 0.61 points, but between 1991-2000 and 2001-2014, it rose by just 0.09.
The level of street-network sprawl in new development in Sulawesi Utara peaked in 1991-2000. To get a sense of how street development has changed in Sulawesi Utara, we can consider three of its most populous cities: Manado, Bitung and Kotamobagu. None of the most populous cities follow the same trend as the region. The level of street-network sprawl in new development in Manado rose steadily. The level of street-network sprawl in new development in Bitung followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase. The level of street-network sprawl in new development in Kotamobagu rose steadily.
How do development practices in Sulawesi Utara fare in comparison to others in Indonesia? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Sulawesi Utara was the 18th-most disconnected out of the 32 regions in Indonesia. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has not changed. Sulawesi Utara ranked 18th in 1975, 9th in 1976-1990, 14th in 1991-2000 and 18th in 2001-2014.
As of 2014, the city with the most disconnected street network in Sulawesi Utara is Manado with an SNDi of 4.88, which is highly disconnected. Conversely, the most connected city is Tomohon with an SNDi of 2.59, which is in the 40th to 60th percentile of disconnectedness. See trends for these cities: Tomohon, Manado
The level of street-network sprawl in the aggregate network in Sulawesi Utara rose steadily. To get a sense of how the aggregate street network has changed in Sulawesi Utara, we can consider three of its most populous cities: Manado, Bitung and Kotamobagu. Out of the three cities, Bitung does not follow the same trend as the region. The level of street-network sprawl in the aggregate network in Bitung rose steadily.
To date, Sulawesi Utara is the 17th-most disconnected out of the 32 regions in Indonesia. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has risen; relative to other regions in Indonesia, the street network in Sulawesi Utara has become more disconnected. Sulawesi Utara ranked 18th in 1975, 15th in 1976-1990, 16th in 1991-2000 and 17th in 2001-2014.