Perak: city in Jawa Timur, Indonesia
What exactly constitutes the spatial extent of the city? For these aggregations, we used the Global Human Settlement Layer Urban Center Database (GHS-UCDB) to define the boundaries of the city. These cities -- or urban centers -- cover areas that are densely populated and built-up, and so may extend beyond the spatial borders of these cities that we may be familiar with. The GHS area is shaded in blue.
View Perak, Indonesia on the sprawlmap
Most recent snapshot: Taking into account the entire (i.e. aggregate) street network in Perak as of 2014, the overall level of street-network sprawl is 3.62, which is highly disconnected.
Trends in street network construction: The SNDis of street construction for the respective time periods are 4.03, 2.49, 4.04 and 3.56. Disconnectivity in street construction in Perak follows a zig-zag trend. In 1976-1990, street construction was most disconnected, while construction was most connected in 1991-2000.
Quantity of street network construction: The street network in Perak spans a total of 102 kilometers. It is dominated by roads constructed in 1991-2000. These roads have an SNDi of 4.04, which is highly disconnected.
Effect on the aggregate network: New construction in each period adds to the total stock of streets, but does not change streets that have already been built. Therefore, it has a limited effect on the street network as a whole. The SNDis of the aggregate street network in the respective time periods are 4.03, 2.7, 3.65 and 3.62. Disconnectivity in Perak's street network follows a zig-zag trend. In 1976-1990, the city was most disconnected; while it was most connected in 1975.
Perak and Jawa Timur do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. The SNDi in Perak followed a zig-zag trend with an overall decrease, while the SNDi of street constructions in Jawa Timur rose steadily.
How do development practices in Perak fare in comparison to others in Jawa Timur? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Perak was the 27th-most disconnected out of the 52 cities in Jawa Timur. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Jawa Timur, street construction in Perak has become more connected. Perak ranked 5th in 1975, 27th in 1976-1990, 17th in 1991-2000 and 27th in 2001-2014.
Perak and Indonesia follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. The SNDi for both of these followed a zig-zag trend with an overall decrease.
How do development practices in Perak fare in comparison to others in Indonesia? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Perak was the 183rd-most disconnected out of the 363 cities in Indonesia. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Indonesia, street construction in Perak has become more connected. Perak ranked 85th in 1975, 154th in 1976-1990, 134th in 1991-2000 and 183rd in 2001-2014.
Perak and Jawa Timur do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi in Perak followed a zig-zag trend with an overall decrease, while the SNDi of street constructions in Jawa Timur rose steadily.
To date, Perak is the 14th-most disconnected out of the 52 cities in Jawa Timur. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Jawa Timur, the street network in Perak has become more connected. Perak ranked 5th in 1975, 22nd in 1976-1990, 8th in 1991-2000 and 14th in 2001-2014.
Perak and Indonesia do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi in Perak followed a zig-zag trend with an overall decrease, while the SNDi of street constructions in Indonesia was at its lowest in 1976-1990.
To date, Perak is the 154th-most disconnected out of the 363 cities in Indonesia. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Indonesia, the street network in Perak has become more connected. Perak ranked 85th in 1975, 200th in 1976-1990, 131st in 1991-2000 and 154th in 2001-2014.
As of 2015, Perak had a built-up area of 4.71 square kilometers, and a population of 59953 people.
These are some other cities with approximately the same population: