Street-network Sprawl in Karangampel Kidul, Indonesia

What is Street-network sprawl?

Street-network Sprawl is a way to measure urban sprawl, worldwide, through the connectedness of the streets. Less sprawl means more connected, more walkable streets. Well-connected streets – like New York City’s grid – are more walkable and can be served by public transit.

The street network is permanent, and its connectivity affects the livability and environmental footprint of cities for decades and centuries to come. In places with more connected streets, residents drive less and walk more. A well-connected street network is associated with better outcomes for health, the environment, sustainable consumption, social integration, and equity.

We can quantify how connected street networks are with the Street Network Disconnectedness Index (SNDi).

SNDi -- our measure of street-network sprawl (disconnectedness)

The SNDi is a comprehensive measurement of “sprawl”. It captures:

A higher SNDi means less-connected streets – i.e., more sprawl. For the 10137 cities in our dataset, the average SNDi is 2.25, with half of the cities' SNDis falling between 1.08 and 3.25.

More information on the sprawl index can be found in these research papers:

To see the state of street-network sprawl across the globe, visit the sprawlmap.

Karangampel Kidul: city in Jawa Barat, Indonesia

What exactly constitutes the spatial extent of the city? For these aggregations, we used the Global Human Settlement Layer Urban Center Database (GHS-UCDB) to define the boundaries of the city. These cities -- or urban centers -- cover areas that are densely populated and built-up, and so may extend beyond the spatial borders of these cities that we may be familiar with. The GHS area is shaded in blue.

View Karangampel Kidul, Indonesia on the sprawlmap

Most recent snapshot: Taking into account the entire (i.e. aggregate) street network in Karangampel Kidul as of 2014, the overall level of street-network sprawl is 3.58, which is highly disconnected.

Trends in street network construction: The SNDis of street construction for the respective time periods are nan, 0.92, nan and 4.0. Data was not available in 1975 and 1991-2000.

Quantity of street network construction: The street network in Karangampel Kidul spans a total of 88 kilometers. It is dominated by roads constructed prior to 1975. These roads have an SNDi of nan, which is highly disconnected.

Effect on the aggregate network: New construction in each period adds to the total stock of streets, but does not change streets that have already been built. Therefore, it has a limited effect on the street network as a whole. The SNDis of the aggregate street network in the respective time periods are nan, 0.92, 1.42 and 3.58. Data was not available in 1975.

Karangampel Kidul and Jawa Barat do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. There was not enough data from the city, while the SNDi of street constructions in Jawa Barat peaked in 1991-2000.

How do development practices in Karangampel Kidul fare in comparison to others in Jawa Barat? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Karangampel Kidul was the 18th-most disconnected out of the 38 cities in Jawa Barat. Karangampel Kidul ranked 31st in 1976-1990 and 18th in 2001-2014. There was no ranking in 1975 and 1991-2000 due to unavailable data.

Karangampel Kidul and Indonesia do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. There was not enough data from the city, while the SNDi of street constructions in Indonesia followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase.

How do development practices in Karangampel Kidul fare in comparison to others in Indonesia? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Karangampel Kidul was the 163rd-most disconnected out of the 363 cities in Indonesia. Karangampel Kidul ranked 216th in 1976-1990 and 163rd in 2001-2014. There was no ranking in 1975 and 1991-2000 due to unavailable data.

Karangampel Kidul and Jawa Barat do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. There was not enough data from the city, while the SNDi of street constructions in Jawa Barat rose steadily.

To date, Karangampel Kidul is the 25th-most disconnected out of the 38 cities in Jawa Barat. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has risen; relative to other cities in Jawa Barat, the street network in Karangampel Kidul has become more disconnected. Karangampel Kidul ranked 32nd in 1976-1990, 33rd in 1991-2000 and 25th in 2001-2014. There was no ranking in 1975 due to unavailable data.

Karangampel Kidul and Indonesia do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. There was not enough data from the city, while the SNDi of street constructions in Indonesia was at its lowest in 1976-1990.

To date, Karangampel Kidul is the 156th-most disconnected out of the 363 cities in Indonesia. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has risen; relative to other cities in Indonesia, the street network in Karangampel Kidul has become more disconnected. Karangampel Kidul ranked 316th in 1976-1990, 305th in 1991-2000 and 156th in 2001-2014. There was no ranking in 1975 due to unavailable data.

As of 2015, Karangampel Kidul had a built-up area of 5.95 square kilometers, and a population of 73474 people.

These are some other cities with approximately the same population: