Street-network Sprawl in Pandeglang, Indonesia

What is Street-network sprawl?

Street-network Sprawl is a way to measure urban sprawl, worldwide, through the connectedness of the streets. Less sprawl means more connected, more walkable streets. Well-connected streets – like New York City’s grid – are more walkable and can be served by public transit.

The street network is permanent, and its connectivity affects the livability and environmental footprint of cities for decades and centuries to come. In places with more connected streets, residents drive less and walk more. A well-connected street network is associated with better outcomes for health, the environment, sustainable consumption, social integration, and equity.

We can quantify how connected street networks are with the Street Network Disconnectedness Index (SNDi).

SNDi -- our measure of street-network sprawl (disconnectedness)

The SNDi is a comprehensive measurement of “sprawl”. It captures:

A higher SNDi means less-connected streets – i.e., more sprawl. For the 10137 cities in our dataset, the average SNDi is 2.25, with half of the cities' SNDis falling between 1.08 and 3.25.

More information on the sprawl index can be found in these research papers:

To see the state of street-network sprawl across the globe, visit the sprawlmap.

Pandeglang: city in Banten, Indonesia

What exactly constitutes the spatial extent of the city? For these aggregations, we used the Global Human Settlement Layer Urban Center Database (GHS-UCDB) to define the boundaries of the city. These cities -- or urban centers -- cover areas that are densely populated and built-up, and so may extend beyond the spatial borders of these cities that we may be familiar with. The GHS area is shaded in blue.

View Pandeglang, Indonesia on the sprawlmap

Most recent snapshot: Taking into account the entire (i.e. aggregate) street network in Pandeglang as of 2014, the overall level of street-network sprawl is 1.4, which is relatively well-connected.

Trends in street network construction: The SNDis of street construction for the respective time periods are 0.1, nan, nan and 2.67. Data was not available in 1976-1990 and 1991-2000.

Quantity of street network construction: The street network in Pandeglang spans a total of 51 kilometers. It is dominated by roads constructed in 2001-2014. These roads have an SNDi of 2.67, which is in the 40th to 60th percentile of disconnectedness.

Effect on the aggregate network: New construction in each period adds to the total stock of streets, but does not change streets that have already been built. Therefore, it has a limited effect on the street network as a whole. The SNDis of the aggregate street network in the respective time periods are 0.1, 0.1, -0.17 and 1.4. Disconnectivity in Pandeglang's street network follows a zig-zag trend. In 1991-2000, the city was most disconnected; while it was most connected in 2001-2014.

Pandeglang and Banten do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. There was not enough data from the city, as well as the Banten's street network construction.

How do development practices in Pandeglang fare in comparison to others in Banten? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Pandeglang was the 4th-most disconnected out of the 5 cities in Banten. Pandeglang ranked 5th in 1975 and 4th in 2001-2014. There was no ranking in 1976-1990 and 1991-2000 due to unavailable data.

Pandeglang and Indonesia do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. There was not enough data from the city, while the SNDi of street constructions in Indonesia followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase.

How do development practices in Pandeglang fare in comparison to others in Indonesia? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Pandeglang was the 230th-most disconnected out of the 363 cities in Indonesia. Pandeglang ranked 252nd in 1975 and 230th in 2001-2014. There was no ranking in 1976-1990 and 1991-2000 due to unavailable data.

Pandeglang and Banten do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi in Pandeglang followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase, while the SNDi of street constructions in Banten rose steadily.

To date, Pandeglang is the 5th-most disconnected out of the 5 cities in Banten. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has not changed. Pandeglang ranked 5th in 1975, 5th in 1976-1990, 5th in 1991-2000 and 5th in 2001-2014.

Pandeglang and Indonesia do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi in Pandeglang followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase, while the SNDi of street constructions in Indonesia was at its lowest in 1976-1990.

To date, Pandeglang is the 320th-most disconnected out of the 363 cities in Indonesia. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Indonesia, the street network in Pandeglang has become more connected. Pandeglang ranked 252nd in 1975, 340th in 1976-1990, 354th in 1991-2000 and 320th in 2001-2014.

As of 2015, Pandeglang had a built-up area of 3.0 square kilometers, and a population of 280301 people.

These are some other cities with approximately the same population: