Street-network Sprawl in Rupnagar, India

What is Street-network sprawl?

Street-network Sprawl is a way to measure urban sprawl, worldwide, through the connectedness of the streets. Less sprawl means more connected, more walkable streets. Well-connected streets – like New York City’s grid – are more walkable and can be served by public transit.

The street network is permanent, and its connectivity affects the livability and environmental footprint of cities for decades and centuries to come. In places with more connected streets, residents drive less and walk more. A well-connected street network is associated with better outcomes for health, the environment, sustainable consumption, social integration, and equity.

We can quantify how connected street networks are with the Street Network Disconnectedness Index (SNDi).

SNDi -- our measure of street-network sprawl (disconnectedness)

The SNDi is a comprehensive measurement of “sprawl”. It captures:

A higher SNDi means less-connected streets – i.e., more sprawl. For the 10137 cities in our dataset, the average SNDi is 2.25, with half of the cities' SNDis falling between 1.08 and 3.25.

More information on the sprawl index can be found in these research papers:

To see the state of street-network sprawl across the globe, visit the sprawlmap.

Rupnagar: city in Punjab, India

What exactly constitutes the spatial extent of the city? For these aggregations, we used the Global Human Settlement Layer Urban Center Database (GHS-UCDB) to define the boundaries of the city. These cities -- or urban centers -- cover areas that are densely populated and built-up, and so may extend beyond the spatial borders of these cities that we may be familiar with. The GHS area is shaded in blue.

View Rupnagar, India on the sprawlmap

Most recent snapshot: Taking into account the entire (i.e. aggregate) street network in Rupnagar as of 2014, the overall level of street-network sprawl is 2.39, which is in the 40th to 60th percentile of disconnectedness.

Trends in street network construction: The SNDis of street construction for the respective time periods are 2.9, 1.89, -0.18 and 2.92. The disconnectivity of new streets constructed in Rupnagar fell, then rose. In 1991-2000, new street layouts were the most connected.

Quantity of street network construction: The street network in Rupnagar spans a total of 95 kilometers. The period with the greatest volume of street construction was 1991-2000. These roads have an SNDi of -0.18, which is very well-connected.

Effect on the aggregate network: New construction in each period adds to the total stock of streets, but does not change streets that have already been built. Therefore, it has a limited effect on the street network as a whole. The SNDis of the aggregate street network in the respective time periods are 2.9, 2.77, 2.33 and 2.39. The SNDi of the aggregate street network in fell at first, but Rupnagar has worsened in disconnectivity since 2000.

Rupnagar and Punjab do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. The SNDi in Rupnagar was at its lowest in 1991-2000, while the SNDi of street constructions in Punjab peaked in 1991-2000.

How do development practices in Rupnagar fare in comparison to others in Punjab? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Rupnagar was the 19th-most disconnected out of the 40 cities in Punjab. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Punjab, street construction in Rupnagar has become more connected. Rupnagar ranked 10th in 1975, 18th in 1976-1990, 25th in 1991-2000 and 19th in 2001-2014.

Rupnagar and India do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. The SNDi in Rupnagar was at its lowest in 1991-2000, while the SNDi of street constructions in India rose steadily.

How do development practices in Rupnagar fare in comparison to others in India? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Rupnagar was the 694th-most disconnected out of the 1716 cities in India. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in India, street construction in Rupnagar has become more connected. Rupnagar ranked 317th in 1975, 747th in 1976-1990, 971st in 1991-2000 and 694th in 2001-2014.

Rupnagar and Punjab do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi in Rupnagar was at its lowest in 1991-2000, while the SNDi of street constructions in Punjab rose steadily.

To date, Rupnagar is the 16th-most disconnected out of the 40 cities in Punjab. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Punjab, the street network in Rupnagar has become more connected. Rupnagar ranked 10th in 1975, 13th in 1976-1990, 17th in 1991-2000 and 16th in 2001-2014.

Rupnagar and India do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi in Rupnagar was at its lowest in 1991-2000, while the SNDi of street constructions in India rose steadily.

To date, Rupnagar is the 876th-most disconnected out of the 1716 cities in India. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in India, the street network in Rupnagar has become more connected. Rupnagar ranked 317th in 1975, 518th in 1976-1990, 783rd in 1991-2000 and 876th in 2001-2014.

As of 2015, Rupnagar had a built-up area of 4.45 square kilometers, and a population of 85456 people.

These are some other cities with approximately the same population: