Street-network Sprawl in Kendujhargarh, India

What is Street-network sprawl?

Street-network Sprawl is a way to measure urban sprawl, worldwide, through the connectedness of the streets. Less sprawl means more connected, more walkable streets. Well-connected streets – like New York City’s grid – are more walkable and can be served by public transit.

The street network is permanent, and its connectivity affects the livability and environmental footprint of cities for decades and centuries to come. In places with more connected streets, residents drive less and walk more. A well-connected street network is associated with better outcomes for health, the environment, sustainable consumption, social integration, and equity.

We can quantify how connected street networks are with the Street Network Disconnectedness Index (SNDi).

SNDi -- our measure of street-network sprawl (disconnectedness)

The SNDi is a comprehensive measurement of “sprawl”. It captures:

A higher SNDi means less-connected streets – i.e., more sprawl. For the 10137 cities in our dataset, the average SNDi is 2.25, with half of the cities' SNDis falling between 1.08 and 3.25.

More information on the sprawl index can be found in these research papers:

To see the state of street-network sprawl across the globe, visit the sprawlmap.

Kendujhargarh: city in Odisha, India

What exactly constitutes the spatial extent of the city? For these aggregations, we used the Global Human Settlement Layer Urban Center Database (GHS-UCDB) to define the boundaries of the city. These cities -- or urban centers -- cover areas that are densely populated and built-up, and so may extend beyond the spatial borders of these cities that we may be familiar with. The GHS area is shaded in blue.

View Kendujhargarh, India on the sprawlmap

Most recent snapshot: Taking into account the entire (i.e. aggregate) street network in Kendujhargarh as of 2014, the overall level of street-network sprawl is 1.12, which is relatively well-connected.

Trends in street network construction: The SNDis of street construction for the respective time periods are 0.49, 0.26, -0.19 and 1.77. The disconnectivity of new streets constructed in Kendujhargarh fell, then rose. In 1991-2000, new street layouts were the most connected.

Quantity of street network construction: The street network in Kendujhargarh spans a total of 62 kilometers. It is dominated by roads constructed in 2001-2014. These roads have an SNDi of 1.77, which is relatively well-connected.

Effect on the aggregate network: New construction in each period adds to the total stock of streets, but does not change streets that have already been built. Therefore, it has a limited effect on the street network as a whole. The SNDis of the aggregate street network in the respective time periods are 0.49, 0.27, 0.22 and 1.12. The SNDi of the aggregate street network in fell at first, but Kendujhargarh has worsened in disconnectivity since 2000.

Kendujhargarh and Odisha do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. The SNDi in Kendujhargarh was at its lowest in 1991-2000, while the SNDi of street constructions in Odisha rose steadily.

How do development practices in Kendujhargarh fare in comparison to others in Odisha? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Kendujhargarh was the 31st-most disconnected out of the 57 cities in Odisha. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Odisha, street construction in Kendujhargarh has become more connected. Kendujhargarh ranked 23rd in 1975, 37th in 1976-1990, 33rd in 1991-2000 and 31st in 2001-2014.

Kendujhargarh and India do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. The SNDi in Kendujhargarh was at its lowest in 1991-2000, while the SNDi of street constructions in India rose steadily.

How do development practices in Kendujhargarh fare in comparison to others in India? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Kendujhargarh was the 920th-most disconnected out of the 1716 cities in India. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in India, street construction in Kendujhargarh has become more connected. Kendujhargarh ranked 729th in 1975, 1084th in 1976-1990, 972nd in 1991-2000 and 920th in 2001-2014.

Kendujhargarh and Odisha do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi in Kendujhargarh was at its lowest in 1991-2000, while the SNDi of street constructions in Odisha rose steadily.

To date, Kendujhargarh is the 47th-most disconnected out of the 57 cities in Odisha. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Odisha, the street network in Kendujhargarh has become more connected. Kendujhargarh ranked 23rd in 1975, 41st in 1976-1990, 45th in 1991-2000 and 47th in 2001-2014.

Kendujhargarh and India do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi in Kendujhargarh was at its lowest in 1991-2000, while the SNDi of street constructions in India rose steadily.

To date, Kendujhargarh is the 1287th-most disconnected out of the 1716 cities in India. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in India, the street network in Kendujhargarh has become more connected. Kendujhargarh ranked 729th in 1975, 1223rd in 1976-1990, 1365th in 1991-2000 and 1287th in 2001-2014.

As of 2015, Kendujhargarh had a built-up area of 2.51 square kilometers, and a population of 92695 people.

These are some other cities with approximately the same population: