Street-network Sprawl in Balangir, India

What is Street-network sprawl?

Street-network Sprawl is a way to measure urban sprawl, worldwide, through the connectedness of the streets. Less sprawl means more connected, more walkable streets. Well-connected streets – like New York City’s grid – are more walkable and can be served by public transit.

The street network is permanent, and its connectivity affects the livability and environmental footprint of cities for decades and centuries to come. In places with more connected streets, residents drive less and walk more. A well-connected street network is associated with better outcomes for health, the environment, sustainable consumption, social integration, and equity.

We can quantify how connected street networks are with the Street Network Disconnectedness Index (SNDi).

SNDi -- our measure of street-network sprawl (disconnectedness)

The SNDi is a comprehensive measurement of “sprawl”. It captures:

A higher SNDi means less-connected streets – i.e., more sprawl. For the 10137 cities in our dataset, the average SNDi is 2.25, with half of the cities' SNDis falling between 1.08 and 3.25.

More information on the sprawl index can be found in these research papers:

To see the state of street-network sprawl across the globe, visit the sprawlmap.

Balangir: city in Odisha, India

What exactly constitutes the spatial extent of the city? For these aggregations, we used the Global Human Settlement Layer Urban Center Database (GHS-UCDB) to define the boundaries of the city. These cities -- or urban centers -- cover areas that are densely populated and built-up, and so may extend beyond the spatial borders of these cities that we may be familiar with. The GHS area is shaded in blue.

View Balangir, India on the sprawlmap

Most recent snapshot: Taking into account the entire (i.e. aggregate) street network in Balangir as of 2014, the overall level of street-network sprawl is 1.68, which is relatively well-connected.

Trends in street network construction: The SNDis of street construction for the respective time periods are 3.43, 0.39, 1.43 and 3.01. The disconnectivity of new streets constructed in Balangir fell, then rose. In 1976-1990, new street layouts were the most connected.

Quantity of street network construction: The street network in Balangir spans a total of 223 kilometers. It is dominated by roads constructed in 1976-1990. These roads have an SNDi of 0.39, which is very well-connected.

Effect on the aggregate network: New construction in each period adds to the total stock of streets, but does not change streets that have already been built. Therefore, it has a limited effect on the street network as a whole. The SNDis of the aggregate street network in the respective time periods are 3.43, 0.47, 0.57 and 1.68. The SNDi of the aggregate street network in fell at first, but Balangir has worsened in disconnectivity since 1990.

Balangir and Odisha do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. The SNDi in Balangir was at its lowest in 1976-1990, while the SNDi of street constructions in Odisha rose steadily.

How do development practices in Balangir fare in comparison to others in Odisha? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Balangir was the 22nd-most disconnected out of the 57 cities in Odisha. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Odisha, street construction in Balangir has become more connected. Balangir ranked 13th in 1975, 35th in 1976-1990, 27th in 1991-2000 and 22nd in 2001-2014.

Balangir and India do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. The SNDi in Balangir was at its lowest in 1976-1990, while the SNDi of street constructions in India rose steadily.

How do development practices in Balangir fare in comparison to others in India? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Balangir was the 669th-most disconnected out of the 1716 cities in India. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in India, street construction in Balangir has become more connected. Balangir ranked 234th in 1975, 1069th in 1976-1990, 802nd in 1991-2000 and 669th in 2001-2014.

Balangir and Odisha do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi in Balangir was at its lowest in 1976-1990, while the SNDi of street constructions in Odisha rose steadily.

To date, Balangir is the 39th-most disconnected out of the 57 cities in Odisha. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Odisha, the street network in Balangir has become more connected. Balangir ranked 13th in 1975, 39th in 1976-1990, 41st in 1991-2000 and 39th in 2001-2014.

Balangir and India do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi in Balangir was at its lowest in 1976-1990, while the SNDi of street constructions in India rose steadily.

To date, Balangir is the 1112th-most disconnected out of the 1716 cities in India. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in India, the street network in Balangir has become more connected. Balangir ranked 234th in 1975, 1194th in 1976-1990, 1293rd in 1991-2000 and 1112th in 2001-2014.

As of 2015, Balangir had a built-up area of 4.72 square kilometers, and a population of 172492 people.

These are some other cities with approximately the same population: