Street-network Sprawl in Tikamgarh, India

What is Street-network sprawl?

Street-network Sprawl is a way to measure urban sprawl, worldwide, through the connectedness of the streets. Less sprawl means more connected, more walkable streets. Well-connected streets – like New York City’s grid – are more walkable and can be served by public transit.

The street network is permanent, and its connectivity affects the livability and environmental footprint of cities for decades and centuries to come. In places with more connected streets, residents drive less and walk more. A well-connected street network is associated with better outcomes for health, the environment, sustainable consumption, social integration, and equity.

We can quantify how connected street networks are with the Street Network Disconnectedness Index (SNDi).

SNDi -- our measure of street-network sprawl (disconnectedness)

The SNDi is a comprehensive measurement of “sprawl”. It captures:

A higher SNDi means less-connected streets – i.e., more sprawl. For the 10137 cities in our dataset, the average SNDi is 2.25, with half of the cities' SNDis falling between 1.08 and 3.25.

More information on the sprawl index can be found in these research papers:

To see the state of street-network sprawl across the globe, visit the sprawlmap.

Tikamgarh: city in Madhya Pradesh, India

What exactly constitutes the spatial extent of the city? For these aggregations, we used the Global Human Settlement Layer Urban Center Database (GHS-UCDB) to define the boundaries of the city. These cities -- or urban centers -- cover areas that are densely populated and built-up, and so may extend beyond the spatial borders of these cities that we may be familiar with. The GHS area is shaded in blue.

View Tikamgarh, India on the sprawlmap

Most recent snapshot: Taking into account the entire (i.e. aggregate) street network in Tikamgarh as of 2014, the overall level of street-network sprawl is 4.22, which is highly disconnected.

Trends in street network construction: The SNDis of street construction for the respective time periods are 0.5, 1.64, 0.71 and 5.11. Disconnectivity in street construction in Tikamgarh follows a zig-zag trend. In 1975, street construction was most disconnected, while construction was most connected in 2001-2014.

Quantity of street network construction: The street network in Tikamgarh spans a total of 168 kilometers. It is dominated by roads constructed in 2001-2014. These roads have an SNDi of 5.11, which is highly disconnected.

Effect on the aggregate network: New construction in each period adds to the total stock of streets, but does not change streets that have already been built. Therefore, it has a limited effect on the street network as a whole. The SNDis of the aggregate street network in the respective time periods are 0.5, 1.04, 0.96 and 4.22. Disconnectivity in Tikamgarh's street network follows a zig-zag trend. In 1975, the city was most disconnected; while it was most connected in 2001-2014.

Tikamgarh and Madhya Pradesh do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. The SNDi in Tikamgarh followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase, while the SNDi of street constructions in Madhya Pradesh was at its lowest in 1976-1990.

How do development practices in Tikamgarh fare in comparison to others in Madhya Pradesh? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Tikamgarh was the 17th-most disconnected out of the 97 cities in Madhya Pradesh. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has risen; relative to other cities in Madhya Pradesh, street construction in Tikamgarh has become more disconnected. Tikamgarh ranked 35th in 1975, 36th in 1976-1990, 40th in 1991-2000 and 17th in 2001-2014.

Tikamgarh and India do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. The SNDi in Tikamgarh followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase, while the SNDi of street constructions in India rose steadily.

How do development practices in Tikamgarh fare in comparison to others in India? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Tikamgarh was the 220th-most disconnected out of the 1716 cities in India. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has risen; relative to other cities in India, street construction in Tikamgarh has become more disconnected. Tikamgarh ranked 727th in 1975, 810th in 1976-1990, 895th in 1991-2000 and 220th in 2001-2014.

Tikamgarh and Madhya Pradesh do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi in Tikamgarh followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase, while the SNDi of street constructions in Madhya Pradesh was at its lowest in 1976-1990.

To date, Tikamgarh is the 21st-most disconnected out of the 97 cities in Madhya Pradesh. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has risen; relative to other cities in Madhya Pradesh, the street network in Tikamgarh has become more disconnected. Tikamgarh ranked 35th in 1975, 45th in 1976-1990, 54th in 1991-2000 and 21st in 2001-2014.

Tikamgarh and India do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi in Tikamgarh followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase, while the SNDi of street constructions in India rose steadily.

To date, Tikamgarh is the 261st-most disconnected out of the 1716 cities in India. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has risen; relative to other cities in India, the street network in Tikamgarh has become more disconnected. Tikamgarh ranked 727th in 1975, 1052nd in 1976-1990, 1192nd in 1991-2000 and 261st in 2001-2014.

As of 2015, Tikamgarh had a built-up area of 2.42 square kilometers, and a population of 258193 people.

These are some other cities with approximately the same population: