Street-network Sprawl in Constance, Germany

What is Street-network sprawl?

Street-network Sprawl is a way to measure urban sprawl, worldwide, through the connectedness of the streets. Less sprawl means more connected, more walkable streets. Well-connected streets – like New York City’s grid – are more walkable and can be served by public transit.

The street network is permanent, and its connectivity affects the livability and environmental footprint of cities for decades and centuries to come. In places with more connected streets, residents drive less and walk more. A well-connected street network is associated with better outcomes for health, the environment, sustainable consumption, social integration, and equity.

We can quantify how connected street networks are with the Street Network Disconnectedness Index (SNDi).

SNDi -- our measure of street-network sprawl (disconnectedness)

The SNDi is a comprehensive measurement of “sprawl”. It captures:

A higher SNDi means less-connected streets – i.e., more sprawl. For the 10137 cities in our dataset, the average SNDi is 2.25, with half of the cities' SNDis falling between 1.08 and 3.25.

More information on the sprawl index can be found in these research papers:

To see the state of street-network sprawl across the globe, visit the sprawlmap.

Constance: city in Baden-Württemberg, Germany

What exactly constitutes the spatial extent of the city? For these aggregations, we used the Global Human Settlement Layer Urban Center Database (GHS-UCDB) to define the boundaries of the city. These cities -- or urban centers -- cover areas that are densely populated and built-up, and so may extend beyond the spatial borders of these cities that we may be familiar with. The GHS area is shaded in blue.

View Constance, Germany on the sprawlmap

Most recent snapshot: Taking into account the entire (i.e. aggregate) street network in Constance as of 2014, the overall level of street-network sprawl is 0.65, which is relatively well-connected.

Trends in street network construction: The SNDis of street construction for the respective time periods are 0.6, 1.22, -0.33 and nan. Data was not available in 2001-2014.

Quantity of street network construction: The street network in Constance spans a total of 257 kilometers. It is dominated by roads constructed prior to 1975. These roads have an SNDi of 0.6, which is relatively well-connected.

Effect on the aggregate network: New construction in each period adds to the total stock of streets, but does not change streets that have already been built. Therefore, it has a limited effect on the street network as a whole. The SNDis of the aggregate street network in the respective time periods are 0.6, 0.65, 0.65 and 0.65. Disconnectivity in Constance's street network follows a zig-zag trend. In 1975, the city was most disconnected; while it was most connected in 1976-1990.

Constance and Baden-Württemberg do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. There was not enough data from the city, while the SNDi of street constructions in Baden-Württemberg peaked in 1991-2000.

How do development practices in Constance fare in comparison to others in Baden-Württemberg? out of the 14 cities in Baden-Württemberg. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has not changed. Constance ranked 13th in 1975, 14th in 1976-1990 and 13th in 1991-2000. There was no ranking in 2001-2014 due to unavailable data.

Constance and Germany do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. There was not enough data from the city, while the SNDi of street constructions in Germany peaked in 1991-2000.

How do development practices in Constance fare in comparison to others in Germany? out of the 87 cities in Germany. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Germany, street construction in Constance has become more connected. Constance ranked 79th in 1975, 78th in 1976-1990 and 80th in 1991-2000. There was no ranking in 2001-2014 due to unavailable data.

Constance and Baden-Württemberg do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi in Constance followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase, while the SNDi of street constructions in Baden-Württemberg rose steadily.

To date, Constance is the 13th-most disconnected out of the 14 cities in Baden-Württemberg. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has not changed. Constance ranked 13th in 1975, 13th in 1976-1990, 13th in 1991-2000 and 13th in 2001-2014.

Constance and Germany do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi in Constance followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase, while the SNDi of street constructions in Germany rose steadily.

To date, Constance is the 83rd-most disconnected out of the 87 cities in Germany. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Germany, the street network in Constance has become more connected. Constance ranked 79th in 1975, 82nd in 1976-1990, 82nd in 1991-2000 and 83rd in 2001-2014.

As of 2015, Constance had a built-up area of 14.81 square kilometers, and a population of 81669 people.

These are some other cities with approximately the same population: