Street-network Sprawl in Haut-Ogooué, Gabon

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What is Street-network sprawl?

Street-network Sprawl is a way to measure urban sprawl, worldwide, through the connectedness of the streets. Less sprawl means more connected, more walkable streets. Well-connected streets – like New York City’s grid – are more walkable and can be served by public transit.

The street network is permanent, and its connectivity affects the livability and environmental footprint of cities for decades and centuries to come. In places with more connected streets, residents drive less and walk more. A well-connected street network is associated with better outcomes for health, the environment, sustainable consumption, social integration, and equity.

We can quantify how connected street networks are with the Street Network Disconnectedness Index (SNDi).

SNDi -- our measure of street-network sprawl (disconnectedness)

The SNDi is a comprehensive measurement of “sprawl”. It captures:

• nodal degree
• dendricity, the tree-likeness of the street network
• circuity, the ratio of the distance by road to the straight-line distance of two locations on the street network
• sinuosity, the curviness of a street

A higher SNDi means less-connected streets – i.e., more sprawl. For the 10137 cities in our dataset, the average SNDi is 2.25, with half of the cities' SNDis falling between 1.08 and 3.25.

More information on the sprawl index can be found in these research papers:

• Global trends toward urban street-network sprawl
• A global assessment of street-network sprawl

To see the state of street-network sprawl across the globe, visit the sprawlmap.

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Haut-Ogooué: region in Gabon

What exactly constitutes the spatial extent of the city? For these aggregations, we used the Global Human Settlement Layer Urban Center Database (GHS-UCDB) to define the boundaries of the city. These cities -- or urban centers -- cover areas that are densely populated and built-up, and so may extend beyond the spatial borders of these cities that we may be familiar with. The GHS area is shaded in blue.

View Haut-Ogooué, Gabon on the sprawlmap

How have Haut-Ogooué's street networks changed over time?

Most recent snapshot: Taking into account the entire (i.e. aggregate) street network in Haut-Ogooué as of 2014, the overall level of street-network sprawl is 6.74, which is highly disconnected.

Trends in street network construction: The SNDis of street construction for the respective time periods are 5.67, 6.59, 7.14 and 9.7. In each period, new street development in Haut-Ogooué steadily grows more disconnected than in the last.

Quantity of street network construction: The street network in Haut-Ogooué spans a total of 2072 kilometers. The period with the greatest volume of street construction was 1991-2000. These roads have an SNDi of 7.14, which is highly disconnected.

Effect on the aggregate network: New construction in each period adds to the total stock of streets, but does not change streets that have already been built. Therefore, it has a limited effect on the street network as a whole. The SNDis of the aggregate street network in the respective time periods are 5.67, 5.81, 6.23 and 6.74. Overall, the SNDi of the aggregate street network has risen: the street network in Haut-Ogooué has become more disconnected.

Haut-Ogooué in context: Street-network sprawl of new development

The level of street-network sprawl in new development in Haut-Ogooué rose steadily. To get a sense of how street development has changed in Haut-Ogooué, we can consider one of its most populous cities: Moanda. None of the most populous cities follow the same trend as the region. The level of street-network sprawl in new development in Moanda followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase.

How do development practices in Haut-Ogooué fare in comparison to others in Gabon? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Haut-Ogooué was the 2nd-most disconnected out of the 4 regions in Gabon. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has risen; relative to other regions in Gabon, street construction in Haut-Ogooué has become more disconnected. Haut-Ogooué ranked 3rd in 1975, 3rd in 1976-1990, 4th in 1991-2000 and 2nd in 2001-2014.

Haut-Ogooué in context: Aggregate street-network sprawl

As of 2014, the city with the most disconnected street network in Haut-Ogooué is Moanda with an SNDi of 3.32, which is highly disconnected. Conversely, the most connected city is Moanda with an SNDi of 3.32, which is highly disconnected. See trends for these cities: Moanda, Moanda

The level of street-network sprawl in the aggregate network in Haut-Ogooué rose steadily. To get a sense of how the aggregate street network has changed in Haut-Ogooué, we can consider one of its most populous cities: Moanda. None of the most populous cities follow the same trend as the region. The level of street-network sprawl in the aggregate network in Moanda rose steadily.

To date, Haut-Ogooué is the 3rd-most disconnected out of the 4 regions in Gabon. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has not changed. Haut-Ogooué ranked 3rd in 1975, 3rd in 1976-1990, 3rd in 1991-2000 and 3rd in 2001-2014.

Cities in Haut-Ogooué

• Moanda