Street-network Sprawl in Mojo, Ethiopia

What is Street-network sprawl?

Street-network Sprawl is a way to measure urban sprawl, worldwide, through the connectedness of the streets. Less sprawl means more connected, more walkable streets. Well-connected streets – like New York City’s grid – are more walkable and can be served by public transit.

The street network is permanent, and its connectivity affects the livability and environmental footprint of cities for decades and centuries to come. In places with more connected streets, residents drive less and walk more. A well-connected street network is associated with better outcomes for health, the environment, sustainable consumption, social integration, and equity.

We can quantify how connected street networks are with the Street Network Disconnectedness Index (SNDi).

SNDi -- our measure of street-network sprawl (disconnectedness)

The SNDi is a comprehensive measurement of “sprawl”. It captures:

A higher SNDi means less-connected streets – i.e., more sprawl. For the 10137 cities in our dataset, the average SNDi is 2.25, with half of the cities' SNDis falling between 1.08 and 3.25.

More information on the sprawl index can be found in these research papers:

To see the state of street-network sprawl across the globe, visit the sprawlmap.

Mojo: city in Oromia, Ethiopia

What exactly constitutes the spatial extent of the city? For these aggregations, we used the Global Human Settlement Layer Urban Center Database (GHS-UCDB) to define the boundaries of the city. These cities -- or urban centers -- cover areas that are densely populated and built-up, and so may extend beyond the spatial borders of these cities that we may be familiar with. The GHS area is shaded in blue.

View Mojo, Ethiopia on the sprawlmap

Most recent snapshot: Taking into account the entire (i.e. aggregate) street network in Mojo as of 2014, the overall level of street-network sprawl is 1.68, which is relatively well-connected.

Trends in street network construction: The SNDis of street construction for the respective time periods are -0.78, 0.55, 1.06 and 2.21. In each period, new street development in Mojo steadily grows more disconnected than in the last. This increase has slowed: between 1975 and 1976-1990, SNDi rose by 1.34 points, but between 1991-2000 and 2001-2014, it rose by just 1.15.

Quantity of street network construction: The street network in Mojo spans a total of 156 kilometers. It is dominated by roads constructed in 2001-2014. These roads have an SNDi of 2.21, which is relatively well-connected.

Effect on the aggregate network: New construction in each period adds to the total stock of streets, but does not change streets that have already been built. Therefore, it has a limited effect on the street network as a whole. The SNDis of the aggregate street network in the respective time periods are -0.78, 0.39, 0.66 and 1.68. Overall, the SNDi of the aggregate street network has risen: the street network in Mojo has become more disconnected. This increase has slowed: between 1975 and 1976-1990, SNDi rose by 1.18 points, but between 1991-2000 and 2001-2014, it rose by just 1.02.

Mojo and Oromia do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. The SNDi in Mojo rose steadily, while the SNDi of street constructions in Oromia was at its lowest in 1976-1990.

How do development practices in Mojo fare in comparison to others in Oromia? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Mojo was the 27th-most disconnected out of the 106 cities in Oromia. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Oromia, street construction in Mojo has become more connected. Mojo ranked 8th in 1975, 15th in 1976-1990, 17th in 1991-2000 and 27th in 2001-2014.

Mojo and Ethiopia do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. The SNDi in Mojo rose steadily, while the SNDi of street constructions in Ethiopia followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase.

How do development practices in Mojo fare in comparison to others in Ethiopia? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Mojo was the 66th-most disconnected out of the 252 cities in Ethiopia. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Ethiopia, street construction in Mojo has become more connected. Mojo ranked 21st in 1975, 42nd in 1976-1990, 51st in 1991-2000 and 66th in 2001-2014.

Mojo and Oromia do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi in Mojo rose steadily, while the SNDi of street constructions in Oromia was at its lowest in 1976-1990.

To date, Mojo is the 43rd-most disconnected out of the 106 cities in Oromia. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Oromia, the street network in Mojo has become more connected. Mojo ranked 8th in 1975, 21st in 1976-1990, 34th in 1991-2000 and 43rd in 2001-2014.

Mojo and Ethiopia do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi in Mojo rose steadily, while the SNDi of street constructions in Ethiopia followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase.

To date, Mojo is the 105th-most disconnected out of the 252 cities in Ethiopia. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Ethiopia, the street network in Mojo has become more connected. Mojo ranked 21st in 1975, 55th in 1976-1990, 83rd in 1991-2000 and 105th in 2001-2014.

As of 2015, Mojo had a built-up area of 2.5 square kilometers, and a population of 133016 people.

These are some other cities with approximately the same population: