Street-network Sprawl in Ash Sharqiyah, Egypt

What is Street-network sprawl?

Street-network Sprawl is a way to measure urban sprawl, worldwide, through the connectedness of the streets. Less sprawl means more connected, more walkable streets. Well-connected streets – like New York City’s grid – are more walkable and can be served by public transit.

The street network is permanent, and its connectivity affects the livability and environmental footprint of cities for decades and centuries to come. In places with more connected streets, residents drive less and walk more. A well-connected street network is associated with better outcomes for health, the environment, sustainable consumption, social integration, and equity.

We can quantify how connected street networks are with the Street Network Disconnectedness Index (SNDi).

SNDi -- our measure of street-network sprawl (disconnectedness)

The SNDi is a comprehensive measurement of “sprawl”. It captures:

A higher SNDi means less-connected streets – i.e., more sprawl. For the 10137 cities in our dataset, the average SNDi is 2.25, with half of the cities' SNDis falling between 1.08 and 3.25.

More information on the sprawl index can be found in these research papers:

To see the state of street-network sprawl across the globe, visit the sprawlmap.

Ash Sharqiyah: region in Egypt

What exactly constitutes the spatial extent of the city? For these aggregations, we used the Global Human Settlement Layer Urban Center Database (GHS-UCDB) to define the boundaries of the city. These cities -- or urban centers -- cover areas that are densely populated and built-up, and so may extend beyond the spatial borders of these cities that we may be familiar with. The GHS area is shaded in blue.

View Ash Sharqiyah, Egypt on the sprawlmap

Most recent snapshot: Taking into account the entire (i.e. aggregate) street network in Ash Sharqiyah as of 2014, the overall level of street-network sprawl is 4.63, which is highly disconnected.

Trends in street network construction: The SNDis of street construction for the respective time periods are 4.44, 4.88, 4.42 and 4.61. Disconnectivity in street construction in Ash Sharqiyah follows a zig-zag trend. In 1991-2000, street construction was most disconnected, while construction was most connected in 1976-1990.

Quantity of street network construction: The street network in Ash Sharqiyah spans a total of 9444 kilometers. It is dominated by roads constructed in 1976-1990. These roads have an SNDi of 4.88, which is highly disconnected.

Effect on the aggregate network: New construction in each period adds to the total stock of streets, but does not change streets that have already been built. Therefore, it has a limited effect on the street network as a whole. The SNDis of the aggregate street network in the respective time periods are 4.44, 4.64, 4.62 and 4.63. Disconnectivity in Ash Sharqiyah's street network follows a zig-zag trend. In 1975, the region was most disconnected; while it was most connected in 1976-1990.

The level of street-network sprawl in new development in Ash Sharqiyah followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase. To get a sense of how street development has changed in Ash Sharqiyah, we can consider three of its most populous cities: Al-Zaqaziq‎, An Nazlah and Bilbeis. Out of the three cities, Al-Zaqaziq‎ and Bilbeis do not follow the same trend as the region. The level of street-network sprawl in new development in Al-Zaqaziq‎ peaked in 1991-2000. The level of street-network sprawl in new development in Bilbeis was at its lowest in 1991-2000.

How do development practices in Ash Sharqiyah fare in comparison to others in Egypt? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Ash Sharqiyah was the 9th-most disconnected out of the 25 regions in Egypt. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other regions in Egypt, street construction in Ash Sharqiyah has become more connected. Ash Sharqiyah ranked 4th in 1975, 7th in 1976-1990, 11th in 1991-2000 and 9th in 2001-2014.

As of 2014, the city with the most disconnected street network in Ash Sharqiyah is Bilbeis with an SNDi of 7.46, which is highly disconnected. Conversely, the most connected city is Kafr al Rabaya with an SNDi of -2.41, which is very well-connected. See trends for these cities: Kafr al Rabaya, Bilbeis

The level of street-network sprawl in the aggregate network in Ash Sharqiyah followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase. To get a sense of how the aggregate street network has changed in Ash Sharqiyah, we can consider three of its most populous cities: Al-Zaqaziq‎, An Nazlah and Bilbeis. None of the most populous cities follow the same trend as the region. The level of street-network sprawl in the aggregate network in Al-Zaqaziq‎ rose steadily. The level of street-network sprawl in the aggregate network in An Nazlah peaked in 1976-1990. The level of street-network sprawl in the aggregate network in Bilbeis was at its lowest in 1991-2000.

To date, Ash Sharqiyah is the 3rd-most disconnected out of the 25 regions in Egypt. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has risen; relative to other regions in Egypt, the street network in Ash Sharqiyah has become more disconnected. Ash Sharqiyah ranked 4th in 1975, 4th in 1976-1990, 4th in 1991-2000 and 3rd in 2001-2014.