Street-network Sprawl in Osijek, Croatia

What is Street-network sprawl?

Street-network Sprawl is a way to measure urban sprawl, worldwide, through the connectedness of the streets. Less sprawl means more connected, more walkable streets. Well-connected streets – like New York City’s grid – are more walkable and can be served by public transit.

The street network is permanent, and its connectivity affects the livability and environmental footprint of cities for decades and centuries to come. In places with more connected streets, residents drive less and walk more. A well-connected street network is associated with better outcomes for health, the environment, sustainable consumption, social integration, and equity.

We can quantify how connected street networks are with the Street Network Disconnectedness Index (SNDi).

SNDi -- our measure of street-network sprawl (disconnectedness)

The SNDi is a comprehensive measurement of “sprawl”. It captures:

A higher SNDi means less-connected streets – i.e., more sprawl. For the 10137 cities in our dataset, the average SNDi is 2.25, with half of the cities' SNDis falling between 1.08 and 3.25.

More information on the sprawl index can be found in these research papers:

To see the state of street-network sprawl across the globe, visit the sprawlmap.

Osijek: city in Osjecko-Baranjska, Croatia

What exactly constitutes the spatial extent of the city? For these aggregations, we used the Global Human Settlement Layer Urban Center Database (GHS-UCDB) to define the boundaries of the city. These cities -- or urban centers -- cover areas that are densely populated and built-up, and so may extend beyond the spatial borders of these cities that we may be familiar with. The GHS area is shaded in blue.

View Osijek, Croatia on the sprawlmap

Most recent snapshot: Taking into account the entire (i.e. aggregate) street network in Osijek as of 2014, the overall level of street-network sprawl is 1.82, which is relatively well-connected.

Trends in street network construction: The SNDis of street construction for the respective time periods are 1.72, 2.35, nan and 1.25. Data was not available in 1991-2000.

Quantity of street network construction: The street network in Osijek spans a total of 210 kilometers. It is dominated by roads constructed prior to 1975. These roads have an SNDi of 1.72, which is relatively well-connected.

Effect on the aggregate network: New construction in each period adds to the total stock of streets, but does not change streets that have already been built. Therefore, it has a limited effect on the street network as a whole. The SNDis of the aggregate street network in the respective time periods are 1.72, 1.84, 1.84 and 1.82. The aggregate street network in Osijek increased in disconnectivity initially,but the trend has turned around after 1990.

Osijek and Osjecko-Baranjska do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. There was not enough data from the city, while the SNDi of street constructions in Osjecko-Baranjska peaked in 1991-2000.

How do development practices in Osijek fare in comparison to others in Osjecko-Baranjska? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Osijek was the 1st-most disconnected out of the 1 cities in Osjecko-Baranjska. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has not changed. Osijek ranked 1st in 1975, 1st in 1976-1990 and 1st in 2001-2014. There was no ranking in 1991-2000 due to unavailable data.

Osijek and Croatia do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. There was not enough data from the city, while the SNDi of street constructions in Croatia peaked in 1991-2000.

How do development practices in Osijek fare in comparison to others in Croatia? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Osijek was the 5th-most disconnected out of the 6 cities in Croatia. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has not changed. Osijek ranked 6th in 1975, 6th in 1976-1990 and 5th in 2001-2014. There was no ranking in 1991-2000 due to unavailable data.

Osijek and Osjecko-Baranjska do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi in Osijek peaked in 1976-1990, while the SNDi of street constructions in Osjecko-Baranjska rose steadily.

To date, Osijek is the 1st-most disconnected out of the 1 cities in Osjecko-Baranjska. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has not changed. Osijek ranked 1st in 1975, 1st in 1976-1990, 1st in 1991-2000 and 1st in 2001-2014.

Osijek and Croatia do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi in Osijek peaked in 1976-1990, while the SNDi of street constructions in Croatia rose steadily.

To date, Osijek is the 6th-most disconnected out of the 6 cities in Croatia. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has not changed. Osijek ranked 6th in 1975, 6th in 1976-1990, 6th in 1991-2000 and 6th in 2001-2014.

As of 2015, Osijek had a built-up area of 14.42 square kilometers, and a population of 61045 people.

These are some other cities with approximately the same population: