Street-network Sprawl in Tengréla, Côte d'Ivoire

What is Street-network sprawl?

Street-network Sprawl is a way to measure urban sprawl, worldwide, through the connectedness of the streets. Less sprawl means more connected, more walkable streets. Well-connected streets – like New York City’s grid – are more walkable and can be served by public transit.

The street network is permanent, and its connectivity affects the livability and environmental footprint of cities for decades and centuries to come. In places with more connected streets, residents drive less and walk more. A well-connected street network is associated with better outcomes for health, the environment, sustainable consumption, social integration, and equity.

We can quantify how connected street networks are with the Street Network Disconnectedness Index (SNDi).

SNDi -- our measure of street-network sprawl (disconnectedness)

The SNDi is a comprehensive measurement of “sprawl”. It captures:

A higher SNDi means less-connected streets – i.e., more sprawl. For the 10137 cities in our dataset, the average SNDi is 2.25, with half of the cities' SNDis falling between 1.08 and 3.25.

More information on the sprawl index can be found in these research papers:

To see the state of street-network sprawl across the globe, visit the sprawlmap.

Tengréla: city in Savanes, Côte d'Ivoire

What exactly constitutes the spatial extent of the city? For these aggregations, we used the Global Human Settlement Layer Urban Center Database (GHS-UCDB) to define the boundaries of the city. These cities -- or urban centers -- cover areas that are densely populated and built-up, and so may extend beyond the spatial borders of these cities that we may be familiar with. The GHS area is shaded in blue.

View Tengréla, Côte d'Ivoire on the sprawlmap

Most recent snapshot: Taking into account the entire (i.e. aggregate) street network in Tengréla as of 2014, the overall level of street-network sprawl is 0.85, which is relatively well-connected.

Trends in street network construction: The SNDis of street construction for the respective time periods are 0.63, nan, 0.65 and 3.09. Data was not available in 1976-1990.

Quantity of street network construction: The street network in Tengréla spans a total of 132 kilometers. It is dominated by roads constructed prior to 1975. These roads have an SNDi of 0.63, which is relatively well-connected.

Effect on the aggregate network: New construction in each period adds to the total stock of streets, but does not change streets that have already been built. Therefore, it has a limited effect on the street network as a whole. The SNDis of the aggregate street network in the respective time periods are 0.63, 0.63, 0.56 and 0.85. Disconnectivity in Tengréla's street network follows a zig-zag trend. In 1991-2000, the city was most disconnected; while it was most connected in 2001-2014.

Tengréla and Savanes do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. There was not enough data from the city, while the SNDi of street constructions in Savanes rose steadily.

How do development practices in Tengréla fare in comparison to others in Savanes? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Tengréla was the 2nd-most disconnected out of the 4 cities in Savanes. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has risen; relative to other cities in Savanes, street construction in Tengréla has become more disconnected. Tengréla ranked 2nd in 1975, 4th in 1991-2000 and 2nd in 2001-2014. There was no ranking in 1976-1990 due to unavailable data.

Tengréla and Côte d'Ivoire do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. There was not enough data from the city, while the SNDi of street constructions in Côte d'Ivoire rose steadily.

How do development practices in Tengréla fare in comparison to others in Côte d'Ivoire? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Tengréla was the 22nd-most disconnected out of the 34 cities in Côte d'Ivoire. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has risen; relative to other cities in Côte d'Ivoire, street construction in Tengréla has become more disconnected. Tengréla ranked 22nd in 1975, 23rd in 1991-2000 and 22nd in 2001-2014. There was no ranking in 1976-1990 due to unavailable data.

Tengréla and Savanes do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi in Tengréla followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase, while the SNDi of street constructions in Savanes rose steadily.

To date, Tengréla is the 3rd-most disconnected out of the 4 cities in Savanes. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Savanes, the street network in Tengréla has become more connected. Tengréla ranked 2nd in 1975, 2nd in 1976-1990, 4th in 1991-2000 and 3rd in 2001-2014.

Tengréla and Côte d'Ivoire do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi in Tengréla followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase, while the SNDi of street constructions in Côte d'Ivoire rose steadily.

To date, Tengréla is the 30th-most disconnected out of the 34 cities in Côte d'Ivoire. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Côte d'Ivoire, the street network in Tengréla has become more connected. Tengréla ranked 22nd in 1975, 26th in 1976-1990, 30th in 1991-2000 and 30th in 2001-2014.

As of 2015, Tengréla had a built-up area of 1.95 square kilometers, and a population of 64738 people.

These are some other cities with approximately the same population: