Street-network Sprawl in Lincang, China

What is Street-network sprawl?

Street-network Sprawl is a way to measure urban sprawl, worldwide, through the connectedness of the streets. Less sprawl means more connected, more walkable streets. Well-connected streets – like New York City’s grid – are more walkable and can be served by public transit.

The street network is permanent, and its connectivity affects the livability and environmental footprint of cities for decades and centuries to come. In places with more connected streets, residents drive less and walk more. A well-connected street network is associated with better outcomes for health, the environment, sustainable consumption, social integration, and equity.

We can quantify how connected street networks are with the Street Network Disconnectedness Index (SNDi).

SNDi -- our measure of street-network sprawl (disconnectedness)

The SNDi is a comprehensive measurement of “sprawl”. It captures:

A higher SNDi means less-connected streets – i.e., more sprawl. For the 10137 cities in our dataset, the average SNDi is 2.25, with half of the cities' SNDis falling between 1.08 and 3.25.

More information on the sprawl index can be found in these research papers:

To see the state of street-network sprawl across the globe, visit the sprawlmap.

Lincang: city in Yunnan, China

What exactly constitutes the spatial extent of the city? For these aggregations, we used the Global Human Settlement Layer Urban Center Database (GHS-UCDB) to define the boundaries of the city. These cities -- or urban centers -- cover areas that are densely populated and built-up, and so may extend beyond the spatial borders of these cities that we may be familiar with. The GHS area is shaded in blue.

View Lincang, China on the sprawlmap

Most recent snapshot: Taking into account the entire (i.e. aggregate) street network in Lincang as of 2014, the overall level of street-network sprawl is 2.55, which is in the 40th to 60th percentile of disconnectedness.

Trends in street network construction: The SNDis of street construction for the respective time periods are 2.3, 1.35, 5.7 and 2.85. Disconnectivity in street construction in Lincang follows a zig-zag trend. In 1976-1990, street construction was most disconnected, while construction was most connected in 1991-2000.

Quantity of street network construction: The street network in Lincang spans a total of 130 kilometers. It is dominated by roads constructed prior to 1975. These roads have an SNDi of 2.3, which is in the 40th to 60th percentile of disconnectedness.

Effect on the aggregate network: New construction in each period adds to the total stock of streets, but does not change streets that have already been built. Therefore, it has a limited effect on the street network as a whole. The SNDis of the aggregate street network in the respective time periods are 2.3, 2.12, 2.51 and 2.55. The SNDi of the aggregate street network in fell at first, but Lincang has worsened in disconnectivity since 1990.

Lincang and Yunnan do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. The SNDi in Lincang followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase, while the SNDi of street constructions in Yunnan rose steadily.

How do development practices in Lincang fare in comparison to others in Yunnan? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Lincang was the 25th-most disconnected out of the 56 cities in Yunnan. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Yunnan, street construction in Lincang has become more connected. Lincang ranked 12th in 1975, 33rd in 1976-1990, 4th in 1991-2000 and 25th in 2001-2014.

Lincang and China do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. The SNDi in Lincang followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase, while the SNDi of street constructions in China followed a zig-zag trend with an overall decrease.

How do development practices in Lincang fare in comparison to others in China? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Lincang was the 420th-most disconnected out of the 1651 cities in China. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in China, street construction in Lincang has become more connected. Lincang ranked 419th in 1975, 936th in 1976-1990, 37th in 1991-2000 and 420th in 2001-2014.

Lincang and Yunnan do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi in Lincang was at its lowest in 1976-1990, while the SNDi of street constructions in Yunnan rose steadily.

To date, Lincang is the 22nd-most disconnected out of the 56 cities in Yunnan. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Yunnan, the street network in Lincang has become more connected. Lincang ranked 12th in 1975, 23rd in 1976-1990, 21st in 1991-2000 and 22nd in 2001-2014.

Lincang and China do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi in Lincang was at its lowest in 1976-1990, while the SNDi of street constructions in China peaked in 1976-1990.

To date, Lincang is the 456th-most disconnected out of the 1651 cities in China. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in China, the street network in Lincang has become more connected. Lincang ranked 419th in 1975, 598th in 1976-1990, 436th in 1991-2000 and 456th in 2001-2014.

As of 2015, Lincang had a built-up area of 13.95 square kilometers, and a population of 125501 people.

These are some other cities with approximately the same population: