Street-network Sprawl in Yuanbaoshan, China

What is Street-network sprawl?

Street-network Sprawl is a way to measure urban sprawl, worldwide, through the connectedness of the streets. Less sprawl means more connected, more walkable streets. Well-connected streets – like New York City’s grid – are more walkable and can be served by public transit.

The street network is permanent, and its connectivity affects the livability and environmental footprint of cities for decades and centuries to come. In places with more connected streets, residents drive less and walk more. A well-connected street network is associated with better outcomes for health, the environment, sustainable consumption, social integration, and equity.

We can quantify how connected street networks are with the Street Network Disconnectedness Index (SNDi).

SNDi -- our measure of street-network sprawl (disconnectedness)

The SNDi is a comprehensive measurement of “sprawl”. It captures:

A higher SNDi means less-connected streets – i.e., more sprawl. For the 10137 cities in our dataset, the average SNDi is 2.25, with half of the cities' SNDis falling between 1.08 and 3.25.

More information on the sprawl index can be found in these research papers:

To see the state of street-network sprawl across the globe, visit the sprawlmap.

Yuanbaoshan: city in Nei Mongol, China

What exactly constitutes the spatial extent of the city? For these aggregations, we used the Global Human Settlement Layer Urban Center Database (GHS-UCDB) to define the boundaries of the city. These cities -- or urban centers -- cover areas that are densely populated and built-up, and so may extend beyond the spatial borders of these cities that we may be familiar with. The GHS area is shaded in blue.

View Yuanbaoshan, China on the sprawlmap

Most recent snapshot: Taking into account the entire (i.e. aggregate) street network in Yuanbaoshan as of 2014, the overall level of street-network sprawl is 2.86, which is in the 40th to 60th percentile of disconnectedness.

Trends in street network construction: The SNDis of street construction for the respective time periods are 2.94, 2.63, 3.11 and 3.8. The disconnectivity of new streets constructed in Yuanbaoshan fell, then rose. In 1976-1990, new street layouts were the most connected.

Quantity of street network construction: The street network in Yuanbaoshan spans a total of 231 kilometers. It is dominated by roads constructed in 1976-1990. These roads have an SNDi of 2.63, which is in the 40th to 60th percentile of disconnectedness.

Effect on the aggregate network: New construction in each period adds to the total stock of streets, but does not change streets that have already been built. Therefore, it has a limited effect on the street network as a whole. The SNDis of the aggregate street network in the respective time periods are 2.94, 2.65, 2.79 and 2.86. The SNDi of the aggregate street network in fell at first, but Yuanbaoshan has worsened in disconnectivity since 1990.

Yuanbaoshan and Nei Mongol do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. The SNDi in Yuanbaoshan was at its lowest in 1976-1990, while the SNDi of street constructions in Nei Mongol followed a zig-zag trend with an overall decrease.

How do development practices in Yuanbaoshan fare in comparison to others in Nei Mongol? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Yuanbaoshan was the 9th-most disconnected out of the 45 cities in Nei Mongol. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has not changed. Yuanbaoshan ranked 9th in 1975, 21st in 1976-1990, 16th in 1991-2000 and 9th in 2001-2014.

Yuanbaoshan and China do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. The SNDi in Yuanbaoshan was at its lowest in 1976-1990, while the SNDi of street constructions in China followed a zig-zag trend with an overall decrease.

How do development practices in Yuanbaoshan fare in comparison to others in China? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Yuanbaoshan was the 221st-most disconnected out of the 1651 cities in China. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has risen; relative to other cities in China, street construction in Yuanbaoshan has become more disconnected. Yuanbaoshan ranked 261st in 1975, 415th in 1976-1990, 228th in 1991-2000 and 221st in 2001-2014.

Yuanbaoshan and Nei Mongol do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi in Yuanbaoshan was at its lowest in 1976-1990, while the SNDi of street constructions in Nei Mongol fell steadily.

To date, Yuanbaoshan is the 15th-most disconnected out of the 45 cities in Nei Mongol. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Nei Mongol, the street network in Yuanbaoshan has become more connected. Yuanbaoshan ranked 9th in 1975, 19th in 1976-1990, 17th in 1991-2000 and 15th in 2001-2014.

Yuanbaoshan and China do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi in Yuanbaoshan was at its lowest in 1976-1990, while the SNDi of street constructions in China peaked in 1976-1990.

To date, Yuanbaoshan is the 338th-most disconnected out of the 1651 cities in China. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in China, the street network in Yuanbaoshan has become more connected. Yuanbaoshan ranked 261st in 1975, 384th in 1976-1990, 334th in 1991-2000 and 338th in 2001-2014.

As of 2015, Yuanbaoshan had a built-up area of 14.23 square kilometers, and a population of 100560 people.

These are some other cities with approximately the same population: