Street-network Sprawl in Hengfeng, China

What is Street-network sprawl?

Street-network Sprawl is a way to measure urban sprawl, worldwide, through the connectedness of the streets. Less sprawl means more connected, more walkable streets. Well-connected streets – like New York City’s grid – are more walkable and can be served by public transit.

The street network is permanent, and its connectivity affects the livability and environmental footprint of cities for decades and centuries to come. In places with more connected streets, residents drive less and walk more. A well-connected street network is associated with better outcomes for health, the environment, sustainable consumption, social integration, and equity.

We can quantify how connected street networks are with the Street Network Disconnectedness Index (SNDi).

SNDi -- our measure of street-network sprawl (disconnectedness)

The SNDi is a comprehensive measurement of “sprawl”. It captures:

A higher SNDi means less-connected streets – i.e., more sprawl. For the 10137 cities in our dataset, the average SNDi is 2.25, with half of the cities' SNDis falling between 1.08 and 3.25.

More information on the sprawl index can be found in these research papers:

To see the state of street-network sprawl across the globe, visit the sprawlmap.

Hengfeng: city in Jiangxi, China

What exactly constitutes the spatial extent of the city? For these aggregations, we used the Global Human Settlement Layer Urban Center Database (GHS-UCDB) to define the boundaries of the city. These cities -- or urban centers -- cover areas that are densely populated and built-up, and so may extend beyond the spatial borders of these cities that we may be familiar with. The GHS area is shaded in blue.

View Hengfeng, China on the sprawlmap

Most recent snapshot: Taking into account the entire (i.e. aggregate) street network in Hengfeng as of 2014, the overall level of street-network sprawl is 2.73, which is in the 40th to 60th percentile of disconnectedness.

Trends in street network construction: The SNDis of street construction for the respective time periods are 2.46, 2.91, 2.01 and 3.15. Disconnectivity in street construction in Hengfeng follows a zig-zag trend. In 1991-2000, street construction was most disconnected, while construction was most connected in 2001-2014.

Quantity of street network construction: The street network in Hengfeng spans a total of 71 kilometers. The period with the greatest volume of street construction was 1976-1990. These roads have an SNDi of 2.91, which is in the 40th to 60th percentile of disconnectedness.

Effect on the aggregate network: New construction in each period adds to the total stock of streets, but does not change streets that have already been built. Therefore, it has a limited effect on the street network as a whole. The SNDis of the aggregate street network in the respective time periods are 2.46, 2.87, 2.51 and 2.73. Disconnectivity in Hengfeng's street network follows a zig-zag trend. In 1975, the city was most disconnected; while it was most connected in 1976-1990.

Hengfeng and Jiangxi do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. The SNDi in Hengfeng followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase, while the SNDi of street constructions in Jiangxi peaked in 1976-1990.

How do development practices in Hengfeng fare in comparison to others in Jiangxi? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Hengfeng was the 16th-most disconnected out of the 74 cities in Jiangxi. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has risen; relative to other cities in Jiangxi, street construction in Hengfeng has become more disconnected. Hengfeng ranked 21st in 1975, 23rd in 1976-1990, 30th in 1991-2000 and 16th in 2001-2014.

Hengfeng and China follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. The SNDi for both of these followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase.

How do development practices in Hengfeng fare in comparison to others in China? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Hengfeng was the 349th-most disconnected out of the 1651 cities in China. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has risen; relative to other cities in China, street construction in Hengfeng has become more disconnected. Hengfeng ranked 365th in 1975, 334th in 1976-1990, 484th in 1991-2000 and 349th in 2001-2014.

Hengfeng and Jiangxi do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi in Hengfeng followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase, while the SNDi of street constructions in Jiangxi peaked in 1976-1990.

To date, Hengfeng is the 18th-most disconnected out of the 74 cities in Jiangxi. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has risen; relative to other cities in Jiangxi, the street network in Hengfeng has become more disconnected. Hengfeng ranked 21st in 1975, 17th in 1976-1990, 23rd in 1991-2000 and 18th in 2001-2014.

Hengfeng and China do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi in Hengfeng followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase, while the SNDi of street constructions in China peaked in 1976-1990.

To date, Hengfeng is the 394th-most disconnected out of the 1651 cities in China. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in China, the street network in Hengfeng has become more connected. Hengfeng ranked 365th in 1975, 328th in 1976-1990, 435th in 1991-2000 and 394th in 2001-2014.

As of 2015, Hengfeng had a built-up area of 5.32 square kilometers, and a population of 81289 people.

These are some other cities with approximately the same population: