Changde: city in Hunan, China
What exactly constitutes the spatial extent of the city? For these aggregations, we used the Global Human Settlement Layer Urban Center Database (GHS-UCDB) to define the boundaries of the city. These cities -- or urban centers -- cover areas that are densely populated and built-up, and so may extend beyond the spatial borders of these cities that we may be familiar with. The GHS area is shaded in blue.
View Changde, China on the sprawlmap
Most recent snapshot: Taking into account the entire (i.e. aggregate) street network in Changde as of 2014, the overall level of street-network sprawl is 0.54, which is relatively well-connected.
Trends in street network construction: The SNDis of street construction for the respective time periods are 0.8, 0.64, -0.24 and 0.79. The disconnectivity of new streets constructed in Changde fell, then rose. In 1991-2000, new street layouts were the most connected.
Quantity of street network construction: The street network in Changde spans a total of 380 kilometers. The period with the greatest volume of street construction was 2001-2014. These roads have an SNDi of 0.79, which is relatively well-connected.
Effect on the aggregate network: New construction in each period adds to the total stock of streets, but does not change streets that have already been built. Therefore, it has a limited effect on the street network as a whole. The SNDis of the aggregate street network in the respective time periods are 0.8, 0.75, 0.47 and 0.54. The SNDi of the aggregate street network in fell at first, but Changde has worsened in disconnectivity since 2000.
Changde and Hunan do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. The SNDi in Changde was at its lowest in 1991-2000, while the SNDi of street constructions in Hunan followed a zig-zag trend with an overall decrease.
How do development practices in Changde fare in comparison to others in Hunan? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Changde was the 61st-most disconnected out of the 95 cities in Hunan. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has not changed. Changde ranked 61st in 1975, 75th in 1976-1990, 61st in 1991-2000 and 61st in 2001-2014.
Changde and China do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. The SNDi in Changde was at its lowest in 1991-2000, while the SNDi of street constructions in China followed a zig-zag trend with an overall decrease.
How do development practices in Changde fare in comparison to others in China? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Changde was the 1083rd-most disconnected out of the 1651 cities in China. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in China, street construction in Changde has become more connected. Changde ranked 896th in 1975, 1185th in 1976-1990, 1143rd in 1991-2000 and 1083rd in 2001-2014.
Changde and Hunan do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi in Changde was at its lowest in 1991-2000, while the SNDi of street constructions in Hunan peaked in 1976-1990.
To date, Changde is the 89th-most disconnected out of the 95 cities in Hunan. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Hunan, the street network in Changde has become more connected. Changde ranked 61st in 1975, 80th in 1976-1990, 85th in 1991-2000 and 89th in 2001-2014.
Changde and China do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi in Changde was at its lowest in 1991-2000, while the SNDi of street constructions in China peaked in 1976-1990.
To date, Changde is the 1415th-most disconnected out of the 1651 cities in China. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in China, the street network in Changde has become more connected. Changde ranked 896th in 1975, 1262nd in 1976-1990, 1385th in 1991-2000 and 1415th in 2001-2014.
As of 2015, Changde had a built-up area of 27.37 square kilometers, and a population of 709968 people.
These are some other cities with approximately the same population: