Street-network Sprawl in She, China

What is Street-network sprawl?

Street-network Sprawl is a way to measure urban sprawl, worldwide, through the connectedness of the streets. Less sprawl means more connected, more walkable streets. Well-connected streets – like New York City’s grid – are more walkable and can be served by public transit.

The street network is permanent, and its connectivity affects the livability and environmental footprint of cities for decades and centuries to come. In places with more connected streets, residents drive less and walk more. A well-connected street network is associated with better outcomes for health, the environment, sustainable consumption, social integration, and equity.

We can quantify how connected street networks are with the Street Network Disconnectedness Index (SNDi).

SNDi -- our measure of street-network sprawl (disconnectedness)

The SNDi is a comprehensive measurement of “sprawl”. It captures:

A higher SNDi means less-connected streets – i.e., more sprawl. For the 10137 cities in our dataset, the average SNDi is 2.25, with half of the cities' SNDis falling between 1.08 and 3.25.

More information on the sprawl index can be found in these research papers:

To see the state of street-network sprawl across the globe, visit the sprawlmap.

She: city in Hebei, China

What exactly constitutes the spatial extent of the city? For these aggregations, we used the Global Human Settlement Layer Urban Center Database (GHS-UCDB) to define the boundaries of the city. These cities -- or urban centers -- cover areas that are densely populated and built-up, and so may extend beyond the spatial borders of these cities that we may be familiar with. The GHS area is shaded in blue.

View She, China on the sprawlmap

Most recent snapshot: Taking into account the entire (i.e. aggregate) street network in She as of 2014, the overall level of street-network sprawl is -0.0, which is very well-connected.

Trends in street network construction: The SNDis of street construction for the respective time periods are -0.59, 0.27, nan and 0.81. Data was not available in 1991-2000.

Quantity of street network construction: The street network in She spans a total of 90 kilometers. It is dominated by roads constructed in 1976-1990. These roads have an SNDi of 0.27, which is very well-connected.

Effect on the aggregate network: New construction in each period adds to the total stock of streets, but does not change streets that have already been built. Therefore, it has a limited effect on the street network as a whole. The SNDis of the aggregate street network in the respective time periods are -0.59, -0.18, -0.18 and -0.0. Disconnectivity in She's street network follows a zig-zag trend. In 1975, the city was most disconnected; while it was most connected in 2001-2014.

She and Hebei do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. There was not enough data from the city, while the SNDi of street constructions in Hebei followed a zig-zag trend with an overall decrease.

How do development practices in She fare in comparison to others in Hebei? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in She was the 74th-most disconnected out of the 99 cities in Hebei. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has risen; relative to other cities in Hebei, street construction in She has become more disconnected. She ranked 84th in 1975, 81st in 1976-1990 and 74th in 2001-2014. There was no ranking in 1991-2000 due to unavailable data.

She and China do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. There was not enough data from the city, while the SNDi of street constructions in China followed a zig-zag trend with an overall decrease.

How do development practices in She fare in comparison to others in China? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in She was the 1073rd-most disconnected out of the 1651 cities in China. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in China, street construction in She has become more connected. She ranked 1220th in 1975, 1299th in 1976-1990 and 1073rd in 2001-2014. There was no ranking in 1991-2000 due to unavailable data.

She and Hebei do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi in She followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase, while the SNDi of street constructions in Hebei peaked in 1976-1990.

To date, She is the 87th-most disconnected out of the 99 cities in Hebei. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Hebei, the street network in She has become more connected. She ranked 84th in 1975, 88th in 1976-1990, 88th in 1991-2000 and 87th in 2001-2014.

She and China do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi in She followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase, while the SNDi of street constructions in China peaked in 1976-1990.

To date, She is the 1563rd-most disconnected out of the 1651 cities in China. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in China, the street network in She has become more connected. She ranked 1220th in 1975, 1505th in 1976-1990, 1549th in 1991-2000 and 1563rd in 2001-2014.

As of 2015, She had a built-up area of 8.13 square kilometers, and a population of 88342 people.

These are some other cities with approximately the same population: