Street-network Sprawl in Putian, China

What is Street-network sprawl?

Street-network Sprawl is a way to measure urban sprawl, worldwide, through the connectedness of the streets. Less sprawl means more connected, more walkable streets. Well-connected streets – like New York City’s grid – are more walkable and can be served by public transit.

The street network is permanent, and its connectivity affects the livability and environmental footprint of cities for decades and centuries to come. In places with more connected streets, residents drive less and walk more. A well-connected street network is associated with better outcomes for health, the environment, sustainable consumption, social integration, and equity.

We can quantify how connected street networks are with the Street Network Disconnectedness Index (SNDi).

SNDi -- our measure of street-network sprawl (disconnectedness)

The SNDi is a comprehensive measurement of “sprawl”. It captures:

A higher SNDi means less-connected streets – i.e., more sprawl. For the 10137 cities in our dataset, the average SNDi is 2.25, with half of the cities' SNDis falling between 1.08 and 3.25.

More information on the sprawl index can be found in these research papers:

To see the state of street-network sprawl across the globe, visit the sprawlmap.

Putian: city in Fujian, China

What exactly constitutes the spatial extent of the city? For these aggregations, we used the Global Human Settlement Layer Urban Center Database (GHS-UCDB) to define the boundaries of the city. These cities -- or urban centers -- cover areas that are densely populated and built-up, and so may extend beyond the spatial borders of these cities that we may be familiar with. The GHS area is shaded in blue.

View Putian, China on the sprawlmap

Most recent snapshot: Taking into account the entire (i.e. aggregate) street network in Putian as of 2014, the overall level of street-network sprawl is 2.29, which is in the 40th to 60th percentile of disconnectedness.

Trends in street network construction: The SNDis of street construction for the respective time periods are 1.76, 2.28, 4.5 and 3.22. Street construction in Putian increased in disconnectivity initially but has since improved. The streets constructed in 1991-2000 were the most disconnected.

Quantity of street network construction: The street network in Putian spans a total of 1103 kilometers. It is dominated by roads constructed in 1976-1990. These roads have an SNDi of 2.28, which is in the 40th to 60th percentile of disconnectedness.

Effect on the aggregate network: New construction in each period adds to the total stock of streets, but does not change streets that have already been built. Therefore, it has a limited effect on the street network as a whole. The SNDis of the aggregate street network in the respective time periods are 1.76, 2.26, 2.27 and 2.29. Overall, the SNDi of the aggregate street network has risen: the street network in Putian has become more disconnected. This increase has slowed: between 1975 and 1976-1990, SNDi rose by 0.5 points, but between 1991-2000 and 2001-2014, it rose by just 0.03.

Putian and Fujian follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. The SNDi for both of these peaked in 1991-2000.

How do development practices in Putian fare in comparison to others in Fujian? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Putian was the 15th-most disconnected out of the 55 cities in Fujian. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has risen; relative to other cities in Fujian, street construction in Putian has become more disconnected. Putian ranked 24th in 1975, 25th in 1976-1990, 7th in 1991-2000 and 15th in 2001-2014.

Putian and China do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. The SNDi in Putian peaked in 1991-2000, while the SNDi of street constructions in China followed a zig-zag trend with an overall decrease.

How do development practices in Putian fare in comparison to others in China? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Putian was the 329th-most disconnected out of the 1651 cities in China. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has risen; relative to other cities in China, street construction in Putian has become more disconnected. Putian ranked 570th in 1975, 537th in 1976-1990, 86th in 1991-2000 and 329th in 2001-2014.

Putian and Fujian follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi for both of these rose steadily.

To date, Putian is the 27th-most disconnected out of the 55 cities in Fujian. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Fujian, the street network in Putian has become more connected. Putian ranked 24th in 1975, 26th in 1976-1990, 27th in 1991-2000 and 27th in 2001-2014.

Putian and China do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi in Putian rose steadily, while the SNDi of street constructions in China peaked in 1976-1990.

To date, Putian is the 574th-most disconnected out of the 1651 cities in China. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in China, the street network in Putian has become more connected. Putian ranked 570th in 1975, 551st in 1976-1990, 544th in 1991-2000 and 574th in 2001-2014.

As of 2015, Putian had a built-up area of 118.79 square kilometers, and a population of 1106639 people.

These are some other cities with approximately the same population: