Street-network Sprawl in Sobradinho, Brazil

What is Street-network sprawl?

Street-network Sprawl is a way to measure urban sprawl, worldwide, through the connectedness of the streets. Less sprawl means more connected, more walkable streets. Well-connected streets – like New York City’s grid – are more walkable and can be served by public transit.

The street network is permanent, and its connectivity affects the livability and environmental footprint of cities for decades and centuries to come. In places with more connected streets, residents drive less and walk more. A well-connected street network is associated with better outcomes for health, the environment, sustainable consumption, social integration, and equity.

We can quantify how connected street networks are with the Street Network Disconnectedness Index (SNDi).

SNDi -- our measure of street-network sprawl (disconnectedness)

The SNDi is a comprehensive measurement of “sprawl”. It captures:

A higher SNDi means less-connected streets – i.e., more sprawl. For the 10137 cities in our dataset, the average SNDi is 2.25, with half of the cities' SNDis falling between 1.08 and 3.25.

More information on the sprawl index can be found in these research papers:

To see the state of street-network sprawl across the globe, visit the sprawlmap.

Sobradinho: city in Distrito Federal, Brazil

What exactly constitutes the spatial extent of the city? For these aggregations, we used the Global Human Settlement Layer Urban Center Database (GHS-UCDB) to define the boundaries of the city. These cities -- or urban centers -- cover areas that are densely populated and built-up, and so may extend beyond the spatial borders of these cities that we may be familiar with. The GHS area is shaded in blue.

View Sobradinho, Brazil on the sprawlmap

Most recent snapshot: Taking into account the entire (i.e. aggregate) street network in Sobradinho as of 2014, the overall level of street-network sprawl is 2.71, which is in the 40th to 60th percentile of disconnectedness.

Trends in street network construction: The SNDis of street construction for the respective time periods are 1.93, 4.81, 2.84 and 4.43. Disconnectivity in street construction in Sobradinho follows a zig-zag trend. In 1975, street construction was most disconnected, while construction was most connected in 1976-1990.

Quantity of street network construction: The street network in Sobradinho spans a total of 336 kilometers. It is dominated by roads constructed prior to 1975. These roads have an SNDi of 1.93, which is relatively well-connected.

Effect on the aggregate network: New construction in each period adds to the total stock of streets, but does not change streets that have already been built. Therefore, it has a limited effect on the street network as a whole. The SNDis of the aggregate street network in the respective time periods are 1.93, 2.62, 2.7 and 2.71. Overall, the SNDi of the aggregate street network has risen: the street network in Sobradinho has become more disconnected. This increase has slowed: between 1975 and 1976-1990, SNDi rose by 0.69 points, but between 1991-2000 and 2001-2014, it rose by just 0.01.

Sobradinho and Distrito Federal follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. The SNDi for both of these followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase.

How do development practices in Sobradinho fare in comparison to others in Distrito Federal? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Sobradinho was the 5th-most disconnected out of the 9 cities in Distrito Federal. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has not changed. Sobradinho ranked 5th in 1975, 2nd in 1976-1990, 3rd in 1991-2000 and 5th in 2001-2014.

Sobradinho and Brazil do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. The SNDi in Sobradinho followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase, while the SNDi of street constructions in Brazil rose steadily.

How do development practices in Sobradinho fare in comparison to others in Brazil? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Sobradinho was the 90th-most disconnected out of the 348 cities in Brazil. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Brazil, street construction in Sobradinho has become more connected. Sobradinho ranked 88th in 1975, 24th in 1976-1990, 132nd in 1991-2000 and 90th in 2001-2014.

Sobradinho and Distrito Federal do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi in Sobradinho rose steadily, while the SNDi of street constructions in Distrito Federal followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase.

To date, Sobradinho is the 5th-most disconnected out of the 9 cities in Distrito Federal. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has not changed. Sobradinho ranked 5th in 1975, 4th in 1976-1990, 3rd in 1991-2000 and 5th in 2001-2014.

Sobradinho and Brazil follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi for both of these rose steadily.

To date, Sobradinho is the 61st-most disconnected out of the 348 cities in Brazil. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has risen; relative to other cities in Brazil, the street network in Sobradinho has become more disconnected. Sobradinho ranked 88th in 1975, 58th in 1976-1990, 55th in 1991-2000 and 61st in 2001-2014.

As of 2015, Sobradinho had a built-up area of 11.03 square kilometers, and a population of 122531 people.

These are some other cities with approximately the same population: