Street-network Sprawl in Khagrachhari, Bangladesh

What is Street-network sprawl?

Street-network Sprawl is a way to measure urban sprawl, worldwide, through the connectedness of the streets. Less sprawl means more connected, more walkable streets. Well-connected streets – like New York City’s grid – are more walkable and can be served by public transit.

The street network is permanent, and its connectivity affects the livability and environmental footprint of cities for decades and centuries to come. In places with more connected streets, residents drive less and walk more. A well-connected street network is associated with better outcomes for health, the environment, sustainable consumption, social integration, and equity.

We can quantify how connected street networks are with the Street Network Disconnectedness Index (SNDi).

SNDi -- our measure of street-network sprawl (disconnectedness)

The SNDi is a comprehensive measurement of “sprawl”. It captures:

A higher SNDi means less-connected streets – i.e., more sprawl. For the 10137 cities in our dataset, the average SNDi is 2.25, with half of the cities' SNDis falling between 1.08 and 3.25.

More information on the sprawl index can be found in these research papers:

To see the state of street-network sprawl across the globe, visit the sprawlmap.

Khagrachhari: city in Chittagong, Bangladesh

What exactly constitutes the spatial extent of the city? For these aggregations, we used the Global Human Settlement Layer Urban Center Database (GHS-UCDB) to define the boundaries of the city. These cities -- or urban centers -- cover areas that are densely populated and built-up, and so may extend beyond the spatial borders of these cities that we may be familiar with. The GHS area is shaded in blue.

View Khagrachhari, Bangladesh on the sprawlmap

Most recent snapshot: Taking into account the entire (i.e. aggregate) street network in Khagrachhari as of 2014, the overall level of street-network sprawl is 3.51, which is highly disconnected.

Trends in street network construction: The SNDis of street construction for the respective time periods are nan, 5.35, nan and nan. Data was not available in 1975, 1991-2000 and 2001-2014.

Quantity of street network construction: The street network in Khagrachhari spans a total of 87 kilometers. It is dominated by roads constructed prior to 1975. These roads have an SNDi of nan, which is highly disconnected.

Effect on the aggregate network: New construction in each period adds to the total stock of streets, but does not change streets that have already been built. Therefore, it has a limited effect on the street network as a whole. The SNDis of the aggregate street network in the respective time periods are nan, 5.35, 3.51 and 3.51. Data was not available in 1975.

Khagrachhari and Chittagong do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. There was not enough data from the city, while the SNDi of street constructions in Chittagong peaked in 1991-2000.

How do development practices in Khagrachhari fare in comparison to others in Chittagong? out of the 21 cities in Chittagong. Khagrachhari ranked 9th in 1976-1990. There was no ranking in 1975, 1991-2000, and 2001-2014 due to unavailable data.

Khagrachhari and Bangladesh do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. There was not enough data from the city, while the SNDi of street constructions in Bangladesh rose steadily.

How do development practices in Khagrachhari fare in comparison to others in Bangladesh? out of the 157 cities in Bangladesh. Khagrachhari ranked 19th in 1976-1990. There was no ranking in 1975, 1991-2000, and 2001-2014 due to unavailable data.

Khagrachhari and Chittagong do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. There was not enough data from the city, while the SNDi of street constructions in Chittagong peaked in 1976-1990.

To date, Khagrachhari is the 16th-most disconnected out of the 21 cities in Chittagong. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Chittagong, the street network in Khagrachhari has become more connected. Khagrachhari ranked 9th in 1976-1990, 14th in 1991-2000 and 16th in 2001-2014. There was no ranking in 1975 due to unavailable data.

Khagrachhari and Bangladesh do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. There was not enough data from the city, while the SNDi of street constructions in Bangladesh rose steadily.

To date, Khagrachhari is the 69th-most disconnected out of the 157 cities in Bangladesh. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Bangladesh, the street network in Khagrachhari has become more connected. Khagrachhari ranked 19th in 1976-1990, 56th in 1991-2000 and 69th in 2001-2014. There was no ranking in 1975 due to unavailable data.

As of 2015, Khagrachhari had a built-up area of 2.03 square kilometers, and a population of 107128 people.

These are some other cities with approximately the same population: