Street-network Sprawl in Klagenfurt, Austria

What is Street-network sprawl?

Street-network Sprawl is a way to measure urban sprawl, worldwide, through the connectedness of the streets. Less sprawl means more connected, more walkable streets. Well-connected streets – like New York City’s grid – are more walkable and can be served by public transit.

The street network is permanent, and its connectivity affects the livability and environmental footprint of cities for decades and centuries to come. In places with more connected streets, residents drive less and walk more. A well-connected street network is associated with better outcomes for health, the environment, sustainable consumption, social integration, and equity.

We can quantify how connected street networks are with the Street Network Disconnectedness Index (SNDi).

SNDi -- our measure of street-network sprawl (disconnectedness)

The SNDi is a comprehensive measurement of “sprawl”. It captures:

A higher SNDi means less-connected streets – i.e., more sprawl. For the 10137 cities in our dataset, the average SNDi is 2.25, with half of the cities' SNDis falling between 1.08 and 3.25.

More information on the sprawl index can be found in these research papers:

To see the state of street-network sprawl across the globe, visit the sprawlmap.

Klagenfurt: city in Kärnten, Austria

What exactly constitutes the spatial extent of the city? For these aggregations, we used the Global Human Settlement Layer Urban Center Database (GHS-UCDB) to define the boundaries of the city. These cities -- or urban centers -- cover areas that are densely populated and built-up, and so may extend beyond the spatial borders of these cities that we may be familiar with. The GHS area is shaded in blue.

View Klagenfurt, Austria on the sprawlmap

Most recent snapshot: Taking into account the entire (i.e. aggregate) street network in Klagenfurt as of 2014, the overall level of street-network sprawl is 0.89, which is relatively well-connected.

Trends in street network construction: The SNDis of street construction for the respective time periods are 0.85, 1.71, nan and 0.8. Data was not available in 1991-2000.

Quantity of street network construction: The street network in Klagenfurt spans a total of 301 kilometers. It is dominated by roads constructed prior to 1975. These roads have an SNDi of 0.85, which is relatively well-connected.

Effect on the aggregate network: New construction in each period adds to the total stock of streets, but does not change streets that have already been built. Therefore, it has a limited effect on the street network as a whole. The SNDis of the aggregate street network in the respective time periods are 0.85, 0.9, 0.9 and 0.89. The aggregate street network in Klagenfurt increased in disconnectivity initially,but the trend has turned around after 1990.

Klagenfurt and Kärnten do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. There was not enough data from the city, while the SNDi of street constructions in Kärnten peaked in 1991-2000.

How do development practices in Klagenfurt fare in comparison to others in Kärnten? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Klagenfurt was the 1st-most disconnected out of the 1 cities in Kärnten. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has not changed. Klagenfurt ranked 1st in 1975, 1st in 1976-1990 and 1st in 2001-2014. There was no ranking in 1991-2000 due to unavailable data.

Klagenfurt and Austria do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. There was not enough data from the city, while the SNDi of street constructions in Austria peaked in 1991-2000.

How do development practices in Klagenfurt fare in comparison to others in Austria? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Klagenfurt was the 6th-most disconnected out of the 6 cities in Austria. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has risen; relative to other cities in Austria, street construction in Klagenfurt has become more disconnected. Klagenfurt ranked 5th in 1975, 3rd in 1976-1990 and 6th in 2001-2014. There was no ranking in 1991-2000 due to unavailable data.

Klagenfurt and Kärnten do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi in Klagenfurt peaked in 1976-1990, while the SNDi of street constructions in Kärnten rose steadily.

To date, Klagenfurt is the 1st-most disconnected out of the 1 cities in Kärnten. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has not changed. Klagenfurt ranked 1st in 1975, 1st in 1976-1990, 1st in 1991-2000 and 1st in 2001-2014.

Klagenfurt and Austria do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi in Klagenfurt peaked in 1976-1990, while the SNDi of street constructions in Austria rose steadily.

To date, Klagenfurt is the 4th-most disconnected out of the 6 cities in Austria. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has risen; relative to other cities in Austria, the street network in Klagenfurt has become more disconnected. Klagenfurt ranked 5th in 1975, 4th in 1976-1990, 4th in 1991-2000 and 4th in 2001-2014.

As of 2015, Klagenfurt had a built-up area of 18.13 square kilometers, and a population of 64018 people.

These are some other cities with approximately the same population: