Street-network Sprawl in Charikar, Afghanistan

What is Street-network sprawl?

Street-network Sprawl is a way to measure urban sprawl, worldwide, through the connectedness of the streets. Less sprawl means more connected, more walkable streets. Well-connected streets – like New York City’s grid – are more walkable and can be served by public transit.

The street network is permanent, and its connectivity affects the livability and environmental footprint of cities for decades and centuries to come. In places with more connected streets, residents drive less and walk more. A well-connected street network is associated with better outcomes for health, the environment, sustainable consumption, social integration, and equity.

We can quantify how connected street networks are with the Street Network Disconnectedness Index (SNDi).

SNDi -- our measure of street-network sprawl (disconnectedness)

The SNDi is a comprehensive measurement of “sprawl”. It captures:

A higher SNDi means less-connected streets – i.e., more sprawl. For the 10137 cities in our dataset, the average SNDi is 2.25, with half of the cities' SNDis falling between 1.08 and 3.25.

More information on the sprawl index can be found in these research papers:

To see the state of street-network sprawl across the globe, visit the sprawlmap.

Charikar: city in Parwan, Afghanistan

What exactly constitutes the spatial extent of the city? For these aggregations, we used the Global Human Settlement Layer Urban Center Database (GHS-UCDB) to define the boundaries of the city. These cities -- or urban centers -- cover areas that are densely populated and built-up, and so may extend beyond the spatial borders of these cities that we may be familiar with. The GHS area is shaded in blue.

View Charikar, Afghanistan on the sprawlmap

Most recent snapshot: Taking into account the entire (i.e. aggregate) street network in Charikar as of 2014, the overall level of street-network sprawl is 1.46, which is relatively well-connected.

Trends in street network construction: The SNDis of street construction for the respective time periods are 5.03, 1.38, 1.13 and -0.07. In each period, new street development in Charikar steadily grows more connected than in the last.

Quantity of street network construction: The street network in Charikar spans a total of 62 kilometers. It is dominated by roads constructed in 1976-1990. These roads have an SNDi of 1.38, which is relatively well-connected.

Effect on the aggregate network: New construction in each period adds to the total stock of streets, but does not change streets that have already been built. Therefore, it has a limited effect on the street network as a whole. The SNDis of the aggregate street network in the respective time periods are 5.03, 1.99, 1.9 and 1.46. Overall, the SNDi of the aggregate street network has fallen: the street network in Charikar has become more connected.

Charikar and Parwan do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. The SNDi in Charikar fell steadily, while the SNDi of street constructions in Parwan followed a zig-zag trend with an overall decrease.

How do development practices in Charikar fare in comparison to others in Parwan? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Charikar was the 2nd-most disconnected out of the 2 cities in Parwan. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Parwan, street construction in Charikar has become more connected. Charikar ranked 1st in 1975, 2nd in 1976-1990, 2nd in 1991-2000 and 2nd in 2001-2014.

Charikar and Afghanistan do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their street network constructions. The SNDi in Charikar fell steadily, while the SNDi of street constructions in Afghanistan followed a zig-zag trend with an overall decrease.

How do development practices in Charikar fare in comparison to others in Afghanistan? Most recently in 2001-2014, street construction in Charikar was the 29th-most disconnected out of the 40 cities in Afghanistan. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Afghanistan, street construction in Charikar has become more connected. Charikar ranked 4th in 1975, 16th in 1976-1990, 17th in 1991-2000 and 29th in 2001-2014.

Charikar and Parwan follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi for both of these fell steadily.

To date, Charikar is the 2nd-most disconnected out of the 2 cities in Parwan. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Parwan, the street network in Charikar has become more connected. Charikar ranked 1st in 1975, 2nd in 1976-1990, 2nd in 1991-2000 and 2nd in 2001-2014.

Charikar and Afghanistan do not follow the same trend in the disconnectivity of their aggregate street networks. The SNDi in Charikar fell steadily, while the SNDi of street constructions in Afghanistan followed a zig-zag trend with an overall decrease.

To date, Charikar is the 29th-most disconnected out of the 40 cities in Afghanistan. Its position in the ranks since 1975 has fallen; relative to other cities in Afghanistan, the street network in Charikar has become more connected. Charikar ranked 4th in 1975, 21st in 1976-1990, 25th in 1991-2000 and 29th in 2001-2014.

As of 2015, Charikar had a built-up area of 1.18 square kilometers, and a population of 177152 people.

These are some other cities with approximately the same population: