Cổ Lễ in context: Street-network sprawl trends

The chart above shows SNDi trends for new street additions (left panel) and the entire network (right panel), with Cổ Lễ plotted against Nam Định and Vietnam. The SNDi of new construction in Cổ Lễ was at its lowest in 1976-1990, compared to Nam Định which peaked in 1991-2005 and Vietnam which rose steadily. Most recently, Cổ Lễ's incremental SNDi rose from 5.2 to 5.87 between 1991-2005 and 2006-2020. In terms of the aggregate network, Cổ Lễ ranked 3rd out of 4 cities in Nam Định and 102nd out of 126 in Vietnam as of 2020.

Rankings go from most connected to most disconnected — rank 1 is the most connected.

What about similarly populated cities?

• Tebing Tinggi, Indonesia
• Togechane, Ethiopia
• Vidisha, India
• Biswan, India
• Dharmapuri, India
• Nassau, Bahamas

In new street additions, Cổ Lễ and Biswan both built increasingly connected streets from 1975 through 1976-1990, then shifted to more disconnected patterns, while Tebing Tinggi built increasingly disconnected streets over time. For the full network, Cổ Lễ and Biswan both became more connected from 1975 through 1976-1990, then grew more sprawly from 1976-1990 onwards, while Tebing Tinggi became progressively more disconnected.