Calaca in context: Street-network sprawl trends

The chart above shows SNDi trends for new street additions (left panel) and the entire network (right panel), with Calaca plotted against Batangas and Philippines. The SNDi of new construction in Calaca peaked in 1991-2005, compared to Batangas which rose steadily and Philippines which rose steadily. Most recently, Calaca's incremental SNDi fell from 6.12 to 5.98 between 1991-2005 and 2006-2020. In terms of the aggregate network, Calaca ranked 3rd out of 6 cities in Batangas and 81st out of 114 in Philippines as of 2020.

Rankings go from most connected to most disconnected — rank 1 is the most connected.

What about similarly populated cities?

• Kunda, India
• Filtu, Ethiopia
• Pemanggilan, Indonesia
• Manokwari, Indonesia
• Yopal, Colombia
• Alabama, South Africa

In new street additions, Calaca and Kunda both built increasingly disconnected streets from 1975 through 1991-2005, then improved, while Manokwari built increasingly disconnected streets from 1975 through 1976-1990, then improved. For the full network, Calaca and Manokwari both became progressively more disconnected, while Kunda grew more disconnected from 1975 through 1976-1990, then improved. Notably, Calaca had a more connected network than Manokwari in 1975 but the two have since reversed their relative ranking.