Khewra in context: Street-network sprawl trends

The chart above shows SNDi trends for new street additions (left panel) and the entire network (right panel), with Khewra plotted against Punjab and Pakistan. All three follow the same trend in new construction, suggesting a shared regional pattern of development. Most recently, Khewra's incremental SNDi rose from 3.61 to 9.07 between 1991-2005 and 2006-2020. In terms of the aggregate network, Khewra ranked 92nd out of 146 cities in Punjab and 156th out of 292 in Pakistan as of 2020.

Rankings go from most connected to most disconnected — rank 1 is the most connected.

What about similarly populated cities?

• San Andrés Tuxtla, México
• Fengqing County, China
• Yatsushiro, Japan
• Dogonbadan, Iran
• Dongargarh, India
• Upington, South Africa

In new street additions, Khewra fluctuated in its street-construction patterns, while San Andrés Tuxtla built increasingly disconnected streets over time and Dogonbadan built increasingly connected streets from 1975 through 1976-1990, then shifted to more disconnected patterns. For the full network, Khewra fluctuated in connectivity, while San Andrés Tuxtla became progressively more disconnected and Dogonbadan became more connected from 1975 through 1991-2005, then grew more sprawly from 1991-2005 onwards. Notably, Khewra had a more connected network than Dogonbadan in 1975 but the two have since reversed their relative ranking.