Kandangan in context: Street-network sprawl trends

The chart above shows SNDi trends for new street additions (left panel) and the entire network (right panel), with Kandangan plotted against Kalimantan Selatan and Indonesia. All three follow the same trend in new construction, suggesting a shared regional pattern of development. Most recently, Kandangan's incremental SNDi rose from 4.26 to 4.86 between 1991-2005 and 2006-2020. In terms of the aggregate network, Kandangan ranked 3rd out of 9 cities in Kalimantan Selatan and 54th out of 366 in Indonesia as of 2020.

Rankings go from most connected to most disconnected — rank 1 is the most connected.

What about similarly populated cities?

• Pashim Chhaparhati, Bangladesh
• Santo Tomé, Argentina
• Mungaoli, India
• Fnideq, Morocco
• Guantao, China
• Wum, Cameroon

In new street additions, Kandangan built increasingly disconnected streets over time, while Pashim Chhaparhati fluctuated in its street-construction patterns and Fnideq built increasingly connected streets from 1975 through 1976-1990, then shifted to more disconnected patterns. For the full network, Kandangan became progressively more disconnected, while Pashim Chhaparhati fluctuated in connectivity and Fnideq became more connected from 1975 through 1976-1990, then grew more sprawly from 1976-1990 onwards. Kandangan and Fnideq have been growing further apart in their street-network character since 1975.