Bhatapada in context: Street-network sprawl trends

The chart above shows SNDi trends for new street additions (left panel) and the entire network (right panel), with Bhatapada plotted against Odisha and India. The SNDi of new construction in Bhatapada was at its lowest in 1976-1990, compared to Odisha which rose steadily and India which followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase. Most recently, Bhatapada's incremental SNDi rose from 4.85 to 5.3 between 1991-2005 and 2006-2020. In terms of the aggregate network, Bhatapada ranked 49th out of 58 cities in Odisha and 1551st out of 1868 in India as of 2020.

Rankings go from most connected to most disconnected — rank 1 is the most connected.

What about similarly populated cities?

• Puerto Padre, Cuba
• Sundarnagar, India
• Allada, Benin
• Jiangshan, China
• Nanxing, China
• Alamnagar, India

While Puerto Padre and Jiangshan both built increasingly disconnected streets over time, Bhatapada built increasingly connected streets from 1975 through 1976-1990, then shifted to more disconnected patterns in new street additions. Looking at the full network, Puerto Padre and Jiangshan both became progressively more disconnected, while Bhatapada became progressively more connected. Bhatapada and Puerto Padre have been converging in their street-network character since 1975.