Kalka in context: Street-network sprawl trends

The chart above shows SNDi trends for new street additions (left panel) and the entire network (right panel), with Kalka plotted against Haryana and India. The SNDi of new construction in Kalka was at its lowest in 1991-2005, compared to Haryana which followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase and India which followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase. Most recently, Kalka's incremental SNDi rose from 5.55 to 5.83 between 1991-2005 and 2006-2020. In terms of the aggregate network, Kalka ranked 39th out of 40 cities in Haryana and 1644th out of 1868 in India as of 2020.

Rankings go from most connected to most disconnected — rank 1 is the most connected.

What about similarly populated cities?

• Junan, China
• Xiping, China
• Mthatha, South Africa
• El Wak, Kenya
• Izeh, Iran
• Taik Kyi, Myanmar

While Junan and El Wak both fluctuated in its street-construction patterns, Kalka built increasingly connected streets from 1975 through 1991-2005, then shifted to more disconnected patterns in new street additions. For the full network, Kalka became more connected from 1975 through 1991-2005, then grew more sprawly from 1991-2005 onwards, while Junan became progressively more disconnected and El Wak grew more disconnected from 1975 through 1976-1990, then improved.