Pandaul in context: Street-network sprawl trends

The chart above shows SNDi trends for new street additions (left panel) and the entire network (right panel), with Pandaul plotted against Bihar and India. The SNDi of new construction in Pandaul was at its lowest in 1976-1990, compared to Bihar which followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase and India which followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase. Most recently, Pandaul's incremental SNDi rose from 3.1 to 3.36 between 1991-2005 and 2006-2020. In terms of the aggregate network, Pandaul ranked 26th out of 264 cities in Bihar and 481st out of 1868 in India as of 2020.

Rankings go from most connected to most disconnected — rank 1 is the most connected.

What about similarly populated cities?

• Mawlamyinegyunn, Myanmar
• Dijon, France
• Niš, Serbia
• Sanhe, China
• Manikganj, Bangladesh
• Bhalwal, Pakistan

While Mawlamyinegyunn and Sanhe both built increasingly disconnected streets over time, Pandaul built increasingly connected streets from 1975 through 1976-1990, then shifted to more disconnected patterns in new street additions. Looking at the full network, Mawlamyinegyunn and Sanhe both became progressively more disconnected, while Pandaul became more connected from 1975 through 1976-1990, then grew more sprawly from 1976-1990 onwards. Notably, Pandaul had a more sprawly network than Sanhe in 1975 but the two have since reversed their relative ranking.