Arwal in context: Street-network sprawl trends

The chart above shows SNDi trends for new street additions (left panel) and the entire network (right panel), with Arwal plotted against Bihar and India. The SNDi of new construction in Arwal peaked in 1991-2005, compared to Bihar which followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase and India which followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase. Most recently, Arwal's incremental SNDi fell from 4.71 to 2.48 between 1991-2005 and 2006-2020. In terms of the aggregate network, Arwal ranked 42nd out of 264 cities in Bihar and 777th out of 1868 in India as of 2020.

Rankings go from most connected to most disconnected — rank 1 is the most connected.

What about similarly populated cities?

• Rongcheng, China
• Narsampet, India
• Wuyuan, China
• Nandan, China
• Haizijie, China
• Dantu District, China

In new street additions, Arwal and Rongcheng both built increasingly disconnected streets from 1975 through 1991-2005, then improved, while Nandan built increasingly disconnected streets over time. Looking at the full network, Rongcheng and Nandan both became progressively more disconnected, while Arwal grew more disconnected from 1975 through 1991-2005, then improved. Arwal and Rongcheng have been growing further apart in their street-network character since 1975.