Liuhe in context: Street-network sprawl trends

The chart above shows SNDi trends for new street additions (left panel) and the entire network (right panel), with Liuhe plotted against Jilin and China. The SNDi of new construction in Liuhe peaked in 1976-1990, compared to Jilin which peaked in 1976-1990 and China which followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase. Most recently, Liuhe's incremental SNDi fell from 1.86 to 1.64 between 1991-2005 and 2006-2020. In terms of the aggregate network, Liuhe ranked 6th out of 47 cities in Jilin and 113th out of 1843 in China as of 2020.

Rankings go from most connected to most disconnected — rank 1 is the most connected.

What about similarly populated cities?

• Ravenna, Italy
• Arasikere, India
• Caijiapo, China
• Za Lun, Myanmar
• Shiroli, India
• Lunavada, India

In new street additions, Liuhe built increasingly disconnected streets from 1975 through 1976-1990, then improved, while Ravenna fluctuated in its street-construction patterns and Za Lun built increasingly disconnected streets from 1975 through 1991-2005, then improved. For the full network, Liuhe grew more disconnected from 1975 through 1976-1990, then improved, while Ravenna became more connected from 1975 through 1991-2005, then grew more sprawly from 1991-2005 onwards and Za Lun grew more disconnected from 1975 through 1991-2005, then improved. Liuhe and Ravenna have been converging in their street-network character since 1975.