Anda in context: Street-network sprawl trends

The chart above shows SNDi trends for new street additions (left panel) and the entire network (right panel), with Anda plotted against Heilongjiang and China. The SNDi of new construction in Anda was at its lowest in 1976-1990, compared to Heilongjiang which peaked in 1976-1990 and China which followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase. Most recently, Anda's incremental SNDi rose from 3.1 to 4.05 between 1991-2005 and 2006-2020. In terms of the aggregate network, Anda ranked 22nd out of 67 cities in Heilongjiang and 266th out of 1843 in China as of 2020.

Rankings go from most connected to most disconnected — rank 1 is the most connected.

What about similarly populated cities?

• Gaoping, China
• Vaniyambadi, India
• Arraiján, Panama
• Lalganj, India
• Al-Hasakah, Syria
• Linz, Austria

In new street additions, Anda built increasingly connected streets from 1975 through 1976-1990, then shifted to more disconnected patterns, while Gaoping built increasingly disconnected streets from 1975 through 1991-2005, then improved and Lalganj fluctuated in its street-construction patterns. For the full network, Anda became more connected from 1975 through 1976-1990, then grew more sprawly from 1976-1990 onwards, while Gaoping grew more disconnected from 1975 through 1991-2005, then improved and Lalganj became progressively more disconnected. Anda and Lalganj have been growing further apart in their street-network character since 1975.