Fengning in context: Street-network sprawl trends

The chart above shows SNDi trends for new street additions (left panel) and the entire network (right panel), with Fengning plotted against Hebei and China. The SNDi of new construction in Fengning peaked in 1976-1990, compared to Hebei which followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase and China which followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase. Most recently, Fengning's incremental SNDi fell from 2.06 to 1.8 between 1991-2005 and 2006-2020. In terms of the aggregate network, Fengning ranked 5th out of 120 cities in Hebei and 192nd out of 1843 in China as of 2020.

Rankings go from most connected to most disconnected — rank 1 is the most connected.

What about similarly populated cities?

• Phước An, Vietnam
• Tongxu, China
• Evansville, United States
• Umerkote, India
• Gurupi, Brazil
• Calulo, Angola

In new street additions, Fengning built increasingly disconnected streets from 1975 through 1976-1990, then improved, while Phước An built increasingly connected streets from 1975 through 1991-2005, then shifted to more disconnected patterns and Umerkote built increasingly disconnected streets over time. For the full network, Fengning grew more disconnected from 1975 through 1991-2005, then improved, while Phước An became more connected from 1975 through 1991-2005, then grew more sprawly from 1991-2005 onwards and Umerkote became progressively more disconnected. Fengning and Phước An have been converging in their street-network character since 1975.