Koumra in context: Street-network sprawl trends

The chart above shows SNDi trends for new street additions (left panel) and the entire network (right panel), with Koumra plotted against Mandoul and Chad. The SNDi of new construction in Koumra followed a zig-zag trend with an overall increase, compared to Mandoul which peaked in 1991-2005 and Chad which rose steadily. Most recently, Koumra's incremental SNDi fell from 1.33 to 1.24 between 1991-2005 and 2006-2020. In terms of the aggregate network, Koumra ranked 1st out of 1 cities in Mandoul and 5th out of 31 in Chad as of 2020.

Rankings go from most connected to most disconnected — rank 1 is the most connected.

What about similarly populated cities?

• San Fernando, Trinidad and Tobago
• Daying, China
• Tonghai, China
• Sarai Alamgir, Pakistan
• Rajsamand, India
• Al Ayyat, Egypt

In new street additions, Koumra fluctuated in its street-construction patterns, while San Fernando built increasingly disconnected streets from 1975 through 1976-1990, then improved and Sarai Alamgir built increasingly disconnected streets over time. Looking at the full network, San Fernando and Sarai Alamgir both became progressively more disconnected, while Koumra became more connected from 1975 through 1976-1990, then grew more sprawly from 1976-1990 onwards.