Umm Hajar in context: Street-network sprawl trends

The chart above shows SNDi trends for new street additions (left panel) and the entire network (right panel), with Umm Hajar plotted against Batha and Chad. The SNDi of new construction in Umm Hajar was at its lowest in 1976-1990, compared to Batha which was at its lowest in 1976-1990 and Chad which rose steadily. Most recently, Umm Hajar's incremental SNDi rose from 2.72 to 4.36 between 1991-2005 and 2006-2020. In terms of the aggregate network, Umm Hajar ranked 1st out of 2 cities in Batha and 24th out of 31 in Chad as of 2020.

Rankings go from most connected to most disconnected — rank 1 is the most connected.

What about similarly populated cities?

• Xupu, China
• Joypurhat, Bangladesh
• Marivan, Iran
• Malkapur, India
• Ogden, United States
• Gadarwara, India

In new street additions, Umm Hajar built increasingly connected streets from 1975 through 1976-1990, then shifted to more disconnected patterns, while Xupu built increasingly disconnected streets from 1975 through 1976-1990, then improved and Malkapur built increasingly connected streets from 1975 through 1991-2005, then shifted to more disconnected patterns. For the full network, Umm Hajar became more connected from 1975 through 1976-1990, then grew more sprawly from 1976-1990 onwards, while Xupu grew more disconnected from 1975 through 1991-2005, then improved and Malkapur became more connected from 1975 through 1991-2005, then grew more sprawly from 1991-2005 onwards. Notably, Umm Hajar had a more connected network than Malkapur in 1975 but the two have since reversed their relative ranking.